Statistical Analyses for Assessing Space-Time Exposure Data

评估时空暴露数据的统计分析

• 批准号: 8111619
• 负责人: Kirsten Anne Koehler
• 金额: $ 10.19万
• 依托单位: COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-01 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8111619
• 关键词: Statistical; Analyses; Assessing; Space; Time

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Technological advancements in exposure assessment, a necessary component of intervention, control, and compliance, have recently increased the accuracy, reliability, and affordability of portable, direct-reading monitors. These monitors can rapidly assess worker exposures to occupational hazards. By coupling the estimated exposure with a known location, an industrial hygienist has the ability to connect exposures to specific sources. Contour plots of the hazard concentration over space, known as concentration maps, have recently been used to assess the spatial variability of hazards. Concentration maps have the potential to be powerful because they are easily comprehensible for managers, exposed employees, and occupational health scientists to locate areas of concern. Reducing or eliminating exposures in these areas will improve worker health. While we believe there is great potential for direct-reading instruments to aid in the identification and mitigation of workplace exposure hazards, it can be dangerous to apply such a methodology without understanding the uncertainties associated with this new form of exposure assessment. To date, no statistical framework has been applied to these maps. The goal of this project is to evaluate several statistical approaches for the analysis of workplace exposure data collected with direct-reading instruments. There are three specific aims for this project. First, we will employ a spatial statistical mapping method to build reliable mapped exposure estimates and confidence intervals using a previously collected exposure dataset. Second, we will collect a comprehensive dataset of hazard concentration as a function of time and space for noise level and aerosol concentration exposures. Third, we will generate a reference concentration map from the high temporal and spatial resolution dataset, against which we may evaluate simpler statistical models. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The primary purpose of exposure assessment is to identify and prevent workplace conditions likely to cause adverse health outcomes. Exposure assessment methods rely on the ability to make quantitative measurements of health hazards. Advancements in technology have allowed for direct-reading instruments to be used to assess temporal variability of hazards at lower costs than ever before. Recently, there has been an effort to use such instruments to map hazard concentrations indoors. However, statistical methods have not been applied to determine the uncertainty associated with such techniques. Adapting methods from the air pollution literature, the implementation of a statistical model to produce maps of hazard concentration and uncertainties will aid industrial hygiene practitioners in making informed decisions on protecting worker health.

描述（由申请人提供）：暴露评估（干预、控制和合规的必要组成部分）的技术进步最近提高了便携式直读监测仪的准确性、可靠性和可负担性。这些监测器可以快速评估工人接触职业危害的情况。通过将估计的暴露与已知的位置相结合，工业化学家有能力将暴露与特定的来源联系起来。空间上的危险浓度等值线图，称为浓度图，最近被用来评估危险的空间变异性。浓度图具有强大的潜力，因为管理人员、暴露员工和职业健康科学家很容易理解它们，从而找到关注的区域。减少或消除这些领域的暴露将改善工人的健康。虽然我们认为，直接读取仪器在帮助识别和减轻工作场所暴露危害方面具有很大的潜力，但在不了解与这种新形式的暴露评估相关的不确定性的情况下应用这种方法可能是危险的。迄今为止，这些地图没有采用统计框架。该项目的目标是评估几种统计方法，用于分析用直接读数仪器收集的工作场所接触数据。该项目有三个具体目标。首先，我们将采用空间统计映射方法，使用先前收集的暴露数据集构建可靠的映射暴露估计值和置信区间。其次，我们将收集一个全面的数据集的危害浓度作为时间和空间的函数的噪声水平和气溶胶浓度暴露。第三，我们将从高时间和空间分辨率数据集生成参考浓度图，我们可以评估更简单的统计模型。 公共卫生关系：接触评估的主要目的是确定和预防可能导致不良健康结果的工作场所条件。接触评估方法依赖于对健康危害进行定量测量的能力。技术的进步使人们能够以比以往任何时候都低的成本使用直接读数仪器来评估危害的时间变异性。最近，人们努力使用这种仪器来绘制室内危险浓度图。然而，统计方法尚未被应用于确定与这些技术相关的不确定性。采用空气污染文献中的方法，实施一个统计模型来绘制危险浓度和不确定性的地图，将有助于工业卫生从业人员在保护工人健康方面做出明智的决定。