The neurofunctional foundations of oro-facial motor control

口面部运动控制的神经功能基础

• 批准号: 7940587
• 负责人: JARED PHILLIP TAGLIALATELA
• 金额: $ 38.84万
• 依托单位: KENNESAW STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-04-01 至 2013-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7940587
• 关键词: Acoustics; Address; Area; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Broca' s area; Cerebral Dominance; Cognition; Cognitive; Complex; Data; Development; Developmental Process; Evolution; Face; Foundations; Functional Imaging; Gestures; Homologous Gene; Human; Image; Imaging Techniques; Individual; Individual Differences; Inferior frontal gyrus; Laboratories; Language; Left; Link; Lip structure; Manuals; Mediating; Mental disorders; Metabolic; Modality; Motor; Movement; Neurobiology; Neurologic; Neurophysiology - biologic function; Oral cavity; Pan Genus; Perception; Phylogenetic Analysis; Play; Population; Positron-Emission Tomography; Primates; Process; Production; Raspberries; Research; Right cerebral hemisphere; Role; Scanning; Signal Transduction; Speech; Structure; System; Time; Training; base; experience; gray matter; in vivo; interest; motor control; motor learning; neurophysiology; nonhuman primate; novel; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; sound; species difference; vocalization

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long-term objectives of this proposal are to understand the neurobiological basis of complex cognitive, perceptual and motor processes from the standpoint of neurophysiological and neuroanatomical specializations of the left and right cerebral hemispheres. One aim of the proposed studies is to evaluate the effect of lateralization on the homolog to Broca's area, referred to as the inferior frontal gyrus, on the acquisition of oro-facial motor control. Specifically, chimpanzees that are left or right hemisphere dominant for the inferior frontal gyrus will be trained to produce a novel sound referred to as the raspberry (RASP). If the left inferior frontal gyrus is selectively involved in oro-facial motor learning, then left dominant chimpanzees should criterion on the oro-facial motor learning task significantly faster than the right hemisphere dominant individuals. A second aim is to evaluate the neural correlates of oro-facial motor control. Chimpanzees will be PET imaged when producing intentional referential vocal signals, referred to as the RASP as well as when making non-communicative oro-facial movements in the form of lip pouts. Of specific interest is identification of brain areas functionally used during the production of the RASP when controlling for basic motor movements of the mouth. The overall studies will contribute to our understanding of factors that influence individual and species differences in the expression of hemispheric specialization. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: A variety of neurodevelopmental and psychological disorders are linked to variability in hemispheric specialization of the brain, particularly as it relates to higher order cognition and language. Therefore understanding the role of different factors on the development of hemispheric specialization is important for understanding how the brain develops and what the consequences are for disruption in these developmental processes. The proposed studies will provide important data on plasticity and the role of specific motor experiences on the development of hemispheric specialization.

描述（由申请人提供）：本提案的长期目标是从左右大脑半球的神经生理学和神经解剖学专业化的角度理解复杂认知、感知和运动过程的神经生物学基础。拟议的研究的一个目的是评估的影响，侧化的同系物布罗卡区，被称为额下回，对收购口面运动控制。具体来说，黑猩猩的左半球或右半球占主导地位的额下回将被训练产生一种新的声音，称为乌藨子（RASP）。如果左额下回选择性地参与口面运动学习，那么左半球优势黑猩猩在口面运动学习任务上的判断速度应该显著快于右半球优势黑猩猩。第二个目的是评估口面运动控制的神经相关性。当黑猩猩产生有意的参考声音信号（称为RASP）以及以嘴唇撅起的形式进行非交流性口面部运动时，将对黑猩猩进行PET成像。特别感兴趣的是识别在RASP的产生过程中控制嘴的基本运动时功能性使用的脑区。整体研究将有助于我们了解影响个体和物种差异表达半球专业化的因素。 公共卫生相关性：各种神经发育和心理障碍与大脑半球专业化的变化有关，特别是当它涉及高阶认知和语言时。因此，了解不同因素对大脑半球专门化发展的作用，对于了解大脑如何发展以及这些发展过程中的中断后果是非常重要的。这些研究将为大脑半球的可塑性和特定运动经验在大脑半球特化发展中的作用提供重要的数据。