Evaluation of Safety Training, Supervision, and Injury Among Working Teenagers.

描述（由申请人提供）：每40秒就有一名青少年在工作中受伤，每五天就有一名青少年死亡。根据国家儿童创伤登记处和国家卫生统计中心的数据，职业伤害是10至19岁青少年死亡的第四大原因;仅次于机动车碰撞，暴力和娱乐伤害。青少年因受伤而要求工人赔偿和去急诊室就诊的可能性大约是成年人的两倍。安全训练和工作场所监督是预防年轻工人职业伤害的重要因素。关于青少年工人的安全培训经验和工作场所监督的信息有限。大部分数据仅限于青少年调查获得的流行率估计。由一名新的调查员进行的拟议的试点研究将评估工作场所安全培训，工作场所监督，工作习惯和职业伤害在不同的高中青少年群体中的作用。在肯塔基州杰斐逊县的三所大型、多样化的公立高中，将有3,500多名青少年参加。调查人员将使用焦点小组和对工作青少年的认知访谈来开发问卷，并将在资助期间进行两次管理;一次是在5月，以捕捉青少年在学年就业期间的经历，另一次是在9月，以捕捉青少年在夏季的经历。调查表中的数据将用于实现三个具体目标：（1）描述青少年在当前就业期间接受的安全培训的性质和数量，并确定种族、性别、年龄和职业之间是否存在差异，（2）描述工作场所监督的性质，并确定种族、性别、年龄和职业之间是否存在差异，及（3）确定青少年接受有系统的安全训练及工作场所监督是否较不可能报告在工作中受伤。该项目有几个优势，包括：（1）这是第一个也是唯一一个在大样本青少年中解决安全培训和工作场所监督问题的研究，（2）这将是第一个评估青少年对安全培训的理解和经验的研究，（3）它将招募一个种族和民族多样化的青少年群体，因此，调查人员将能够比较不同种族和民族，以及性别和年龄的经验，（3）这将是第一个解决安全培训和监督在工作场所伤害中的作用。到目前为止，还没有研究评估青少年的安全培训和监督经验，包括青少年定义的培训。安全培训和监督是预防工伤的重要因素。从这项研究的信息可以用来开始发展一个有效的计划的基础上青少年的需要和经验。 公共卫生相关性：职业青年中的伤害是一个主要的公共卫生问题。国家儿童创伤登记处和国家卫生统计中心报告说，职业伤害在10至19岁的青少年中排名第四，仅次于机动车事故，暴力和娱乐伤害。安全培训和工作场所监督是预防职业伤害的两种有效方法。目前，有关青少年工人安全培训和监督的信息有限。关于安全培训的现有资料仅限于普及率估计数，没有关于工作场所监督的资料。这项研究将是第一次对青少年工人的安全培训和监督进行深入评估。此外，还将首次对安全培训和监督在工伤中的作用进行评估。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): A teenager is hurt on the job every 40 seconds and one dies every five days. According to the National Pediatric Trauma Registry and the National Center for Health Statistics, occupational injuries are the fourth leading cause of death among youth ages 10 to 19 years; led only by motor vehicle crashes, violence, and recreational injuries. Teenagers are about twice as likely as adults to suffer injuries resulting in workers' compensation claims and emergency room visits. Safety training and workplace supervision are important elements in preventing occupational injury in young workers. Limited information about the safety training experiences and workplace supervision exists for teen workers. Most of the data is limited to prevalence estimates captured by surveys of teens. The proposed pilot study, by a new investigator, will evaluate work-place safety training, workplace supervision, work habits, and occupational injury among a diverse group of working high school teenagers. Questionnaires will be administered to over 3,500 teens in three large, diverse public high schools in Jefferson Country, Kentucky. The questionnaires, which will be developed by the investigators using focus groups and cognitive interviews with working teens, will be administered two times during the grant period; once in May to capture teen's experiences during school-year employment and once in September to capture teen's experiences during the summer. The data from the questionnaires will be used to accomplish three specific aims: (1) delineate the nature and amount of safety training that the teenagers have received during their current employment and determine if differences exist between races, genders, ages, and occupations, (2) delineate the nature of workplace supervision and determine if differences exist between races, genders, ages and occupations, and (3) determine if teenagers with structured safety training and workplace supervision are less likely to report being injured at work. This project has several strengths including: (1) it is the first and only study to address safety training and workplace supervision among a large sample of teenagers, (2) it will be the first study to evaluate teen's understanding and experiences of safety training, (3) it will enroll a racially and ethnically diverse population of teens, so that the investigators will be able to compare experiences across race and ethnicity, as well as gender and age, (3) it will be the first to address the role of safety training and supervision in workplace injury. No studies to date have evaluated teenager's experiences with safety training and supervision, including what teens define as training. Safety training and supervision are important elements in preventing work-related injury. Information from this study can be used to begin developing an effective program based on teen's needs and experiences. Public Health Relevance: Injury among working youth is a major public health problem. The National Pediatric Trauma Registry and National Center for Health Statistics report that injuries due to occupation rank fourth in injuries among youth aged 10 to 19 years, led only by motor vehicle wrecks, violence, and recreational injuries. Safety training and workplace supervision are two methods useful in preventing occupational injury. Currently, there is limited information regarding safety training and supervision for teen workers. The information that does exist on safety training is limited to prevalence estimates and there is no information about workplace supervision. This study will be the first to conduct an in-depth assessment of safety training and supervision among teenage workers. In addition, it will be the first to evaluate the role safety training and supervision play in work-related injury.