ASM Conference on Viral Genome Replication

ASM 病毒基因组复制会议

• 批准号: 8129412
• 负责人: Sean PJ Whelan
• 金额: $ 1万
• 依托单位: AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MICROBIOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-03-01 至 2012-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8129412
• 关键词: Academia; Accounting; Acute; Affect; Alberta province; American; Antiviral Agents; Antiviral Therapy; Biochemical; Biological; Canada; Cessation of life; Chronic; Clinical; Communicable Diseases; DNA; DNA Viruses; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerase; Data; Development; Discipline; Disease; Disease Outcome; Elements; Environment; Enzymes; Feedback; Fostering; Funding; Goals; Government; HIV; Health; Hepatitis C virus; Human; Human poliovirus; Industry; Infection; Infection prevention; Intervention; Knowledge; Link; Measles; Microbiology; Molecular; Morbidity - disease rate; Oral; Pathogenesis; Polioviruses; Process; Publications; RNA; RNA Viruses; Rabies; Research; Research Personnel; Rinderpest; Scientist; Simplexvirus; Smallpox; Societies; Technology; Therapeutic; Time; Translations; Vaccination; Vaccines; Viral; Viral Genome; Viral Vaccines; Virus; Virus Diseases; Work; abstracting; base; career; design; enzyme structure; insight; interdisciplinary approach; interest; meetings; mortality; resistance mechanism; single molecule; symposium; unpublished works; viral RNA; virology

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Viral infections account for the majority of infectious disease deaths worldwide. Viral vaccines have proved effective in controlling many diseases and have resulted in the global eradication of smallpox. Rinderpest, will shortly be the second infection eradicated by vaccination and this will hopefully be followed by measles and poliovirus. Despite this, there are numerous chronic viral infections - HIV, HCV and HSV as well as acute viral infections - RSV, Rabies, for which vaccines either do not exist or are not widely distributed. Antiviral intervention has resulted in improvement of disease outcome for HIV and HSV, as well as for RSV. The development of effective vaccines and antiviral agents by rational design demands a detailed molecular and biochemical understanding of the replication cycle of the causative agents and how this is linked to pathogenesis of disease. Such an undertaking can only be accomplished through the cooperation of scientists from multiple disciplines working in government, academic and industrial settings. Funds are requested to provide partial support for a new American Society of Microbiology conference on Viral Genome Replication, which will be held from February 6-9, 2011 in Banff, Alberta. This conference will bring together researchers working at the forefront of the mechanism of viral genome replication from all classes of viruses. It has been the tradition in virology to divide and conquer and there is an acute need for a different paradigm: to unify and conquer. The division of virology into DNA vs. RNA, positive-strand RNA vs. negative-strand RNA, herpes vs. pox, picornas vs. hepaci has led to a circumstance in which the lexicon for one virus is virtually unintelligible to an investigator studying another virus. As a result, both intellectual and technical advances made with one virus that could apply to another can go virtually unnoticed. This circumstance is particularly problematic in the field of viral genome replication where, for example, mechanistic insight obtained for a viral replicative DNA polymerase could apply to a viral replicative RNA polymerase but connections are not made because of the historical divide that exists between DNA and RNA virologists. The (re)establishment of a meeting that will bring investigators together based on their common interest in a step of the viral lifecycle rather than the virus type will reinvigorate a field that is key to our ability to treat and prevent and viral infections. We also particularly desire to cross pollinate among researchers working on the strategies of replication at the single molecule, structural, and biochemical level with chemists working on strategies of intervention reflecting the three themes of the meeting: (i) Viral genome replication strategies; (ii) Elements, factors and enzymes: Structure, function and mechanism; (iii) Antivirals: Targets, mechanisms and resistance. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Viral infections account for the majority of morbidity and mortality associated with infectious disease worldwide. Knowledge gained from studies of viral genome replication has already facilitated the development of effective vaccines and antiviral therapies against some of these agents. The ASM sponsored conference entitled "Viral Genome Replication" is dedicated to exploring the state-of-the-art in this critical field. The aims of this conference are to bring together researchers from academia, government and industry probing the mechanisms of viral genome replication irrespective of the type of virus and foster an environment in which ideas and information are freely exchanged.

描述（由申请人提供）：全球传染病死亡的大部分是由病毒感染引起的。病毒疫苗已被证明可以有效控制许多疾病，并已在全球范围内消灭了天花。牛瘟很快将成为通过疫苗接种消除的第二种感染，麻疹和脊髓灰质炎病毒有望紧随其后。尽管如此，仍有许多慢性病毒感染（HIV、HCV 和 HSV）以及急性病毒感染（RSV、狂犬病），这些病毒的疫苗要么不存在，要么没有广泛分发。抗病毒干预已改善 HIV 和 HSV 以及 RSV 的疾病结果。通过合理设计开发有效的疫苗和抗病毒药物需要对病原体的复制周期及其与疾病发病机制的关系有详细的分子和生化了解。这样的事业只能通过在政府、学术和工业环境中工作的多个学科的科学家的合作来完成。请求资金为新的美国微生物学会病毒基因组复制会议提供部分支持，该会议将于 2011 年 2 月 6 日至 9 日在艾伯塔省班夫举行。这次会议将汇集所有类别病毒病毒基因组复制机制前沿的研究人员。病毒学的传统是分而治之，迫切需要一种不同的范式：统一和征服。病毒学分为 DNA 与 RNA、正链 RNA 与负链 RNA、疱疹与痘、小核病毒与肝炎等，导致一种病毒的词汇对于研究另一种病毒的研究者来说实际上是难以理解的。因此，一种病毒所取得的智力和技术进步可能适用于另一种病毒，但实际上却被忽视了。这种情况在病毒基因组复制领域尤其成问题，例如，从病毒复制DNA聚合酶获得的机制见解可以应用于病毒复制RNA聚合酶，但由于DNA和RNA病毒学家之间存在历史鸿沟，因此无法建立联系。 （重新）建立一个会议，将研究人员聚集在一起，基于他们对病毒生命周期的某个步骤而不是病毒类​​型的共同兴趣，这将重振我们治疗和预防病毒感染能力的关键领域。我们还特别希望在研究单分子、结构和生化水平复制策略的研究人员与研究反映会议三个主题的干预策略的化学家之间进行交叉授粉：（i）病毒基因组复制策略； (ii) 元素、因子和酶：结构、功能和机制； (iii) 抗病毒药物：目标、机制和耐药性。 公共卫生相关性：病毒感染占全球传染病相关发病率和死亡率的大部分。从病毒基因组复制研究中获得的知识已经促进了针对其中一些药物的有效疫苗和抗病毒疗法的开发。 ASM 主办的题为“病毒基因组复制”的会议致力于探索这一关键领域的最新技术。这次会议的目的是汇集来自学术界、政府和工业界的研究人员，探讨病毒基因组复制的机制，无论病毒的类型如何，并营造一个自由交流思想和信息的环境。