Stress, Appetite, and Smoking Relapse

压力、食欲和吸烟复吸

• 批准号: 8146194
• 负责人: Mustafa al'Absi
• 金额: $ 45.7万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-30 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8146194
• 关键词: Abstinence; Accounting; Address; Affect; Affective; Animals; Appetite Regulation; Area; Attenuated; Behavioral; Biological; Body Weight Changes; Cancer Etiology; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular system; Chronic; Collaborations; Data; Dependence; Desire for food; Development; Dietary intake; Disease; Environment; Future; Goals; Health; Hormones; Hour; Human; Hydrocortisone; Hypothalamic structure; Individual; Laboratories; Laboratory Research; Leptin; Link; Literature; Measurement; Measures; Minnesota; Modeling; Moods; Neurobiology; Neurosecretory Systems; Nicotine; Obesity; Participant; Pattern; Peptides; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phase; Pituitary Gland; Population; Probability; Process; Productivity; Public Health; Records; Refractory; Relapse; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Role; Series; Sex Characteristics; Smoker; Smoking; Stress; Study Section; Tobacco Dependence; Universities; Vacuum; Weight; Weight Gain; Withdrawal; Woman; Work; acute stress; addiction; base; biobehavior; biological adaptation to stress; clinically relevant; clinically significant; craving; experience; follow-up; ghrelin; glucagon-like peptide; glucagon-like peptide 1; high risk; hypocretin; increased appetite; indexing; innovation; neurobiological mechanism; neuropeptide Y; non-smoker; novel; prevent; programs; psychobiologic; public health relevance; response; smoking cessation; smoking relapse; success; theories; therapy design

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Converging evidence indicates that concern about weight gain after abstinence increases reluctance to attempt smoking cessation, and that post-cessation weight gain is associated with smoking relapse. Chronic smoking causes numerous neurobiological changes, and smoking abstinence is associated with changes in appetite. Elucidating biobehavioral mechanisms associated with these effects of abstinence is critical in identifying those at high risk for weight gain and for planning appropriate treatment contingencies. The long-term goal of our research is to delineate the interactions of neurobiological mechanisms responsible for appetite regulation and tobacco addiction. The specific goal of this project is to determine the extent to which levels of appetite-regulating peptides (i.e., leptin, ghrelin, GLP-1, neuropeptide Y, and orexin) measured during smoking and during the early phase of abstinence predict subsequent changes in appetite, dietary intake, weight, and relapse during smoking cessation. We will also examine the extent to which abstinence-induced blunted adrenocortical and cardiovascular responses to stress predict changes in appetite, dietary intake, weight, and relapse over the first three months of a cessation attempt. This application is a continuation of our focused program investigating the role of stress in smoking relapse while taking into account that the effects of stress do not operate in vacuum, and that there is a need to clearly identify interactions of stress effects with other motivational and mood states. We have completed studies identifying specific psychobiological patterns of the stress response sensitive to individual and situational factors in smokers and non-smokers. We recently completed a series of studies that examined changes in hypothalamic-pituitary- adrenocortical responses to stress following short-term smoking abstinence and evaluated the extent to which these changes predict early relapse. The composite work and literature have provided relevant directions to guide the development of the proposed program. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Tobacco addiction/dependence is the leading preventable cause of cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Evidence indicates that weight gain occurring after smoking abstinence increases reluctance to attempt smoking cessation, especially among women. There is also evidence that post-cessation weight gain is associated with smoking relapse. We plan to determine the extent to which changes in appetite-related peptides and stress response during early abstinence predict subsequent weight gain and smoking relapse. Gaining a better understanding of these factors will be essential in designing interventions to address weight gain and stress effects during cessation, and to subsequently reduce smoking relapse rates. Reducing smoking relapse will have a direct public health impact in reducing the burden of smoking-related diseases.

描述(由申请人提供)：越来越多的证据表明，对戒烟后体重增加的担忧会增加尝试戒烟的意愿，而且戒烟后体重增加与吸烟复发有关。长期吸烟会导致许多神经生物学变化，戒烟与食欲变化有关。阐明与禁欲的这些影响相关的生物行为机制，对于识别体重增加的高危人群和计划适当的治疗应急措施至关重要。我们研究的长期目标是描绘负责食欲调节和烟草成瘾的神经生物学机制之间的相互作用。这个项目的具体目标是确定在吸烟和戒烟早期测量的食欲调节多肽(即瘦素、Ghrelin、GLP-1、神经肽Y和食欲素)水平在多大程度上预测随后的食欲、饮食摄入量、体重和戒烟期间的复发。我们还将检查禁欲诱导的肾上腺皮质和心血管对压力的迟钝反应在多大程度上预测在戒烟尝试的前三个月内食欲、饮食摄入量、体重和复发的变化。这项应用是我们重点研究压力在吸烟复发中的作用的计划的继续，同时考虑到压力的影响不是在真空中起作用的，而且有必要清楚地确定压力影响与其他动机和情绪状态的交互作用。我们已经完成了研究，确定了吸烟者和非吸烟者对个人和情景因素敏感的应激反应的特定心理生物学模式。我们最近完成了一系列研究，考察了短期戒烟后下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质对应激反应的变化，并评估了这些变化预测早期复发的程度。综合工作和文献为指导拟议方案的发展提供了相关方向。 公共卫生相关性：烟草成瘾/依赖是癌症和心血管疾病的主要可预防原因。有证据表明，戒烟后体重增加会增加戒烟的不情愿，尤其是在女性中。也有证据表明，戒烟后体重增加与吸烟复发有关。我们计划确定在早期戒烟期间食欲相关肽和应激反应的变化在多大程度上预测随后的体重增加和吸烟复发。更好地了解这些因素将是设计干预措施以解决戒烟期间体重增加和压力影响，并随后降低复吸率的关键。减少吸烟复发将对减轻吸烟相关疾病的负担产生直接的公共健康影响。