Neural Representation of Vibrissal Self-Movement in the Thalamus

丘脑振动自我运动的神经表征

• 批准号: 8116453
• 负责人: Jeffrey Daniel Moore
• 金额: $ 3.06万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-01 至 2012-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8116453
• 关键词: Affect; Animals; Area; Back; Behavior; Biological Models; Brain; Brain region; Cell Nucleus; Cells; Chemicals; Code; Devices; Esthesia; Event; Eye; Face; Feedback; Fingers; Form Perception; Frequencies; Human; Impairment; Indium; Laboratories; Lesion; Mechanics; Medial; Motion; Motor; Movement; Neuroanatomy; Neurologic Dysfunctions; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Receptor; Nose; Organism; Paralysed; Pathway interactions; Patients; Perception; Peripheral; Phase; Physiological; Positioning Attribute; Process; Property; Prosthesis; Rattus; Relative (related person); Rodent; Role; Self Perception; Sensory; Sensory Process; Signal Transduction; Somatosensory Cortex; Stimulus; Stroke; Structure; Surface; System; Thalamic structure; Touch sensation; Ursidae Family; Ventral Posterior Nucleus; Vibrissae; Work; awake; base; design; insight; interest; motor control; neural prosthesis; neuromechanism; prototype; receptor; relating to nervous system; response; sensor; sensory integration; sensory stimulus; sensory system; somatosensory; zona incerta

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We are interested in how organisms perceive their own movements through somatosensation. Self- movement perception is thought to be important both for understanding the external world (i.e. as one passes his fingers over a bumpy surface) and for the on-line control of movement (i.e. as one tries to touch his own nose with his finger while his eyes are closed). To study this question, we use the rodent vibrissal system as a tractable mammalian model system because (1) the neuroanatomy for this system is relatively well-characterized, (2) the system is relatively easily accessible to experimental manipulation, and (3) the sensitivity of the system rivals that of human touch. Rodents use their vibrissae (whiskers) to sense the external world. By rhythmically sweeping their vibrissae back and forth in a behavior known as "whisking", the vibrissae contact objects near the face. This behavior allows the animal to form perceptions about its immediate surroundings. In forming these perceptions based on inputs from moving sensors, rodents must keep track of their own movements as well as external objects. The aims of this proposal are to determine: (1) how movement information that is "re- coded" at the periphery is processed in the thalamus (and subsequently relayed to the cortex of the brain), (2) the degree to which such information is combined with information about external objects, and (3) the neural mechanisms by which this processing occurs. A basic scientific understanding of how perception of self-movement is involved in motor control is currently lacking, and could potentially help us to understand a variety of neurological dysfunctions which result in motor control impairments, such as stroke and paralysis. Such an understanding could also inform the design of neural prosthetic devices aimed at restoring sensation and motor capabilities to patients with such impairments. Currently these prototype devices operate in the absence of somatosensory feedback are are consequently difficult for patients to control. The integration of intrinsic and extrinsic sensations may also be an important part of a broader sense of "self", which extends beyond the sensorimotor domain and is thought to be an important aspect of the human condition.

描述（由申请人提供）：我们感兴趣的是生物体如何通过躯体感觉感知自己的运动。自我运动感知被认为对于理解外部世界（即，当一个人将他的手指经过凹凸不平的表面时）和对于运动的在线控制（即，当一个人试图在他的眼睛闭上的同时用他的手指触摸他自己的鼻子时）都是重要的。为了研究这个问题，我们使用啮齿动物的触须系统作为一个易于处理的哺乳动物模型系统，因为（1）该系统的神经解剖学特征相对较好，（2）该系统相对容易进行实验操作，（3）该系统的灵敏度与人类触摸的灵敏度相媲美。啮齿动物用它们的触须（胡须）来感知外部世界。通过有节奏地来回扫动它们的触须，这种行为被称为“拂动”，触须接触面部附近的物体。这种行为使动物能够形成对其周围环境的感知。在形成这些基于移动传感器输入的感知时，啮齿动物必须跟踪自己的运动以及外部物体。这项提议的目的是确定：（1）在外周被“重新编码”的运动信息如何在丘脑中被处理（并随后被传递到大脑皮层），（2）这些信息与关于外部物体的信息相结合的程度，以及（3）这种处理发生的神经机制。目前缺乏对自我运动感知如何参与运动控制的基本科学理解，这可能有助于我们了解导致运动控制障碍的各种神经功能障碍，如中风和瘫痪。这种理解也可以为神经修复装置的设计提供信息，这些装置旨在恢复患有这种损伤的患者的感觉和运动能力。目前，这些原型设备在没有体感反馈的情况下操作，因此患者难以控制。内在和外在感觉的整合也可能是更广泛的“自我”意识的重要组成部分，它超出了感觉运动领域，被认为是人类状况的一个重要方面。