Neuroimaging Of Age-Related Changes in Speech Recognition

这个项目检查神经系统的结构和功能，假设有助于 与年龄相关的语音识别能力下降。语音识别中与年龄相关的巨大差异是 在复杂和苛刻的听力环境中观察到的原因尚不清楚。衰老的大脑 经历了非凡的变化，很少有人了解这些变化如何限制或保存 认知能力我们建议跟踪在假设中起核心作用的两个神经系统的老化 用于语音识别能力的下降。目的2.1检验以下假设： 支持语音识别的大脑区域会增加对与注意力相关的额叶皮层的依赖， 正常听力成人的单词识别。目的2.2检验老年人正常 听力表现出语音识别下降时，添加剂解剖下降， 注意力相关的系统限制了注意降级语音的能力。目标2.3检验了以下假设： 与年龄相关的听力损失的最常见形式，代谢性老年性聋，导致代偿性变化 与语言和注意力相关的系统。这个项目使用大脑激活实验来定义 语言反应大脑区域的解剖学衰退可能解释了衰老与大脑的衰老之间的联系。 大脑和语音识别困难。该项目将提供与年龄相关的理解 听力正常和听力损失的人所经历的神经生物学变化， 为通过开发提高老年人的语音识别能力奠定基础， 基于外周和中枢神经系统变化的干预策略 年龄

This project examines the structure and function of neural systems that are hypothesized to contribute to age-related declines in speech recognition. Large age-related differences in speech recognition are observed in complex and demanding listening environments for reasons that are unclear. Aging brains undergo extraordinary changes and there is little understanding of how these changes limit or preserve cognitive abilities. We propose to track the aging of two neural systems that play central roles in hypotheses for declines in speech recognition. Aim 2.1 tests the hypothesis that age-related anatomical declines in brain regions that support speech recognition lead to increased reliance on attention-related frontal cortex for word recognition in normal hearing adults. Aim 2.2 tests the hypothesis that older adults with normal hearing exhibit speech recognition declines when additive anatomical declines within speech-related and attention-related systems limit the ability to attend to degraded speech. Aim 2.3 tests the hypothesis that the most common form of age-related hearing loss, metabolic presbyacusis, leads to compensatory changes within speech-related and attention-related systems. This project uses brain activation experiments to define speech-responsive brain regions where anatomical declines may explain the connection between the aging brain and speech recognition difficulties. This project will provide an understanding of the age-related neurobiological changes that people with normal hearing and with hearing loss experience and thereby provide a foundation for improving the speech recognition of older adults through the development of intervention strategies that are based on the peripheral and central nervous system changes that occur with age.