Hazmat Disaster Preparedness Training Program (HDPTP)

危险品备灾培训计划 (HDPTP)

• 批准号: 8306154
• 负责人: John J. LeConche
• 金额: $ 31.72万
• 依托单位: LIUNA TRAINING AND EDUCATION FUND
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-08-01 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8306154
• 关键词: Anthrax disease; Applications Grants; Asbestos; Attention; Biological; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Cicatrix; Coal; Communities; Community Outreach; Confined Spaces; Contractor; Country; Decontamination; Dedications; Development; Disasters; Dust; Earthquakes; Educational Curriculum; Educational Status; Educational process of instructing; Emergency Situation; Employee; Engineering; Environment; Environmental Hazards; Environmental sludge; Equipment; Evaluation; Evaluation Reports; Excision; Exercise; Exposure to; Failure; Fire - disasters; First Aid; Floods; Funding; Future; Government; Government Agencies; Hazardous Substances; Hazardous Waste; Health; Health Professional; Hour; Human Resources; Hurricane; Ice; Individual; Instruction; International; Knowledge; Language; Lead; Learning; Left; Letters; Life; Minority; Molds; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Natural Resources; North America; Nuclear; Occupations; Paint; Participant; Petroleum; Principal Investigator; Private Sector; Program Evaluation; Protective Devices; Quality Control; Readiness; Recommendation; Recovery; Research; Research Infrastructure; Resources; Role; Rosa; Safety; Security; Site; Soil; Stress; System; Techniques; Terrorism; Time; Training; Training Programs; Training and Education; Translations; U-Series Cooperative Agreements; Unemployment; War; Work; Workplace; base; career; experience; falls; gulf coast; hazard; instructor; man; meetings; outreach; programs; psychologic; quality assurance; remediation; repaired; response; safety skills training; skills; training project; wasting

Immediately following the Worid Trade Center (WTC) terrorist attacks, the nation learned that there are thousands of workers who willingly put themselves in danger to help with emergency response, recovery and cleanup efforts. Ultimately, we also leamed that the system for protecting these heroes was not neariy as efficient as their dedication. Worker protection was recognized as important, but not important enough to be emphasized or properiy enforced. Consequently, workers who gave firelessly to remove the scars of terrorism on national soil now experience deteriorating health from exposure to toxic dust and debris. Construcfion Craft Laborers (CCL) were part ofthe Skilled Support Personnel (SSP) on the WTC disaster response. They provided long hours of waste removal, deconstmction activities, decontamination, and other dufies that supported emergency responders. Later, they provided the bulk ofthe manpower that cleared the site and helped repair and reconstruct vital infrastructure. These support sen/ices are common to disaster site work and have significant hazards associated with them, including exposure to toxic materials; physical danger from falls, confined space, environmental hazards; and constmcfion equipment; and damaging psychological effects from post-traumatic stress. Fortunately, programs like the NIEHS Hazardous Waste Worker Training Program (HWWTP) were able to quickly identify workforce safety and training needs. Using skilled instructors, mobile training units, and local training facilities, organizations like LIUNA Training rapidly responded and provided safety and skills training for WTC workers. Hundreds of CCL and other trades workers benefited from this training, which provided them with personal protective equipment, HW remediation and asbestos abatement skills, and information on site specific hazards. After 9-11, many experts reviewed emergency response hazards, the training workers received, and the lack of attention to worker protection. Much time was spent deciding how to prepare for future disasters. Govemment representatives, labor leaders, health professionals, and workforce educators worked together to identify training needs and to establish new emergency response plans that would better prepare us for the next disaster. When the disaster arrived, it was of such a magnitude and resulted in such widespread damage, that the nation was once again caught off-guard. The 2005 Gulf Coast hurricanes left the nation seeking trained disaster response workers and looking to government agencies to protect both workers and citizens. Different hazards, like mold, lead paint, biological, and petroleum contamination, required specialized training. LIUNA Training again rose to the challenge and provided emergency response and health and safety training under the HWV\/TP and the Hazmat Disaster Preparedness Training Program (HDPTP). As a result of these and smaller incidents, the country has learned more about the relationship between emergency response and worker safety training. OSHA has provided recommendations for disaster response training that include OHSA Construction Safety and Health, HW Worker, and Disaster Site Worker courses. (OSHA 2009) The U.S. Department of Homeland Security directed the development and administration ofthe National Incident Management System (U.S. DHS 2008) and clarified the role of government and private sector responders. Worker health and safety and training organizations and government agencies created curriculum, resources, worker pocket guides, and OHSA quick cards for comprehensive worker training and easy reference. (OHSA 2008; CDC 2009) Even safety equipment companies provide informafion and research on worker protecfion. (Johnson, 2009) Training programs, disaster exercises, and development of information on different types of disasters have all been a part of ongoing efforts to promote disaster preparedness. Yet much more needs to be accomplished. To maintain a skilled workforce that is easily accessible and available for disaster site work requires ongoing training and retraining. Workers must already have the skills and experience of their trade as well as specialized safety and response training required for hazardous environments. Natural and man-induced disasters are proving to be more common. Environmental disasters (hurricanes, earthquakes, floods, fires); disasters from failed engineering or natural resource extracfion (coal sludge pond breaches, bridge collapses, dam failures, shuttle and airplane crashes), war induced incidents or other acts of terrorism (WTC, anthrax, bombings), and the potential for nuclear and other energy-related disasters are all within the realm of possibility. Any one of these could occur at any fime, and the nation needs to be as prepared as possible. Such preparafion must include training for the workers who will respond in these times of need.

在世界贸易中心(WTC)恐怖袭击发生后，这个国家立即了解到，有数千名工人自愿将自己置于危险之中，帮助应急、恢复和清理工作。最终，我们也认识到，保护这些英雄的制度并不像他们的奉献精神那样有效。工人保护被认为是重要的，但还不够重要，不足以被强调或强制执行。因此，那些不遗余力地在国家土地上消除恐怖主义创伤的工人现在经历了由于暴露在有毒粉尘和碎片中而导致的健康恶化。 建筑技工(CCL)是技术支持人员(SSP)的一部分 WTC灾难响应。他们提供了长时间的废物清除、净化活动和其他支持应急人员的职责。后来，他们提供了清理现场的大部分人力，并帮助修复和重建重要的基础设施。这些支援设备在灾害现场工作中很常见，并具有重大危险，包括接触有毒物质；跌倒、受限空间、环境危害和建筑设备造成的人身危险；以及创伤后应激障碍造成的破坏性心理影响。 幸运的是，像NIEHS危险废物工人培训计划(HWWTP)这样的计划能够快速确定劳动力安全和培训需求。像LIUNA Trading这样的组织利用熟练的教员、流动培训单位和当地培训设施，迅速做出反应，并为WTC工人提供安全和技能培训。数百名CCL和其他行业的工人从这项培训中受益，培训为他们提供了个人防护装备、HW补救和石棉消除技能，以及关于工地特定危险的信息。 911事件后，许多专家回顾了应急反应的危害，对工人进行了培训 受到的威胁，以及缺乏对工人保护的关注。花了很多时间来决定如何为未来的灾难做准备。政府代表、劳工领袖、卫生专业人员和劳动力教育工作者共同努力，确定培训需求，并制定新的应急计划，以便更好地为下一场灾难做好准备。当灾难到来时，它的规模如此之大，造成了如此广泛的破坏，以至于全国再次措手不及。 2005年墨西哥湾沿岸的飓风让这个国家寻求训练有素的灾难应对人员，并指望政府机构来保护工人和公民。不同的危险，如霉菌、含铅油漆、生物和石油污染，都需要专门的培训。LIUNA培训再次迎接挑战，并根据HWV/TP和灾害准备培训方案(HDPTP)提供应急反应以及健康和安全培训。 由于这些和较小的事件，该国对应急反应和工人安全培训之间的关系有了更多的了解。OSHA已提供 对灾难应对培训的建议，包括OHSA建筑安全与健康、HW工人和灾难现场工人课程。(OSHA 2009)美国国土安全部指导国家事件管理系统的开发和管理(美国国土安全部，2008)，并明确了政府和私营部门响应者的作用。工人健康和安全培训组织和政府机构创建了课程、资源、工人袖珍指南和OHSA快速卡片，用于全面的工人培训和方便参考。(OHSA 2008；CDC 2009)甚至安全设备公司也提供关于工人保护的信息和研究。(约翰逊，2009) 培训计划、灾害演习和开发关于不同类型灾害的信息都是持续努力促进备灾工作的一部分。然而，我们还需要完成更多的工作。要保持一支技术娴熟的劳动力队伍，使之易于接近并可用于灾难现场工作，需要持续不断的培训和再培训。工人必须已经具备其行业的技能和经验，以及危险环境所需的专门安全和反应培训。 事实证明，自然灾害和人为灾难越来越常见。环境灾难(飓风、地震、洪水、火灾)；工程或自然资源开采失败造成的灾难(煤泥池决口、桥梁坍塌、大坝坍塌、航天飞机和飞机坠毁)、战争引发的事件或其他恐怖主义行为(WTC、炭疽、爆炸)，以及发生核灾难和其他与能源有关的灾难的可能性都在可能的范围内。其中任何一种都可能在任何FIME上发生，国家需要尽可能地做好准备。这种准备必须包括对工人的培训，这些工人将在这些需要的时候做出反应。