Hazmat Disaster Preparedness Training Program (HDPTP)

危险品备灾培训计划 (HDPTP)

• 批准号: 8306154
• 负责人: John J. LeConche
• 金额: $ 31.72万
• 依托单位: LIUNA TRAINING AND EDUCATION FUND
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-08-01 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8306154
• 关键词: Anthrax disease; Applications Grants; Asbestos; Attention; Biological; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Cicatrix; Coal; Communities; Community Outreach; Confined Spaces; Contractor; Country; Decontamination; Dedications; Development; Disasters; Dust; Earthquakes; Educational Curriculum; Educational Status; Educational process of instructing; Emergency Situation; Employee; Engineering; Environment; Environmental Hazards; Environmental sludge; Equipment; Evaluation; Evaluation Reports; Excision; Exercise; Exposure to; Failure; Fire - disasters; First Aid; Floods; Funding; Future; Government; Government Agencies; Hazardous Substances; Hazardous Waste; Health; Health Professional; Hour; Human Resources; Hurricane; Ice; Individual; Instruction; International; Knowledge; Language; Lead; Learning; Left; Letters; Life; Minority; Molds; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Natural Resources; North America; Nuclear; Occupations; Paint; Participant; Petroleum; Principal Investigator; Private Sector; Program Evaluation; Protective Devices; Quality Control; Readiness; Recommendation; Recovery; Research; Research Infrastructure; Resources; Role; Rosa; Safety; Security; Site; Soil; Stress; System; Techniques; Terrorism; Time; Training; Training Programs; Training and Education; Translations; U-Series Cooperative Agreements; Unemployment; War; Work; Workplace; base; career; experience; falls; gulf coast; hazard; instructor; man; meetings; outreach; programs; psychologic; quality assurance; remediation; repaired; response; safety skills training; skills; training project; wasting

Immediately following the Worid Trade Center (WTC) terrorist attacks, the nation learned that there are thousands of workers who willingly put themselves in danger to help with emergency response, recovery and cleanup efforts. Ultimately, we also leamed that the system for protecting these heroes was not neariy as efficient as their dedication. Worker protection was recognized as important, but not important enough to be emphasized or properiy enforced. Consequently, workers who gave firelessly to remove the scars of terrorism on national soil now experience deteriorating health from exposure to toxic dust and debris. Construcfion Craft Laborers (CCL) were part ofthe Skilled Support Personnel (SSP) on the WTC disaster response. They provided long hours of waste removal, deconstmction activities, decontamination, and other dufies that supported emergency responders. Later, they provided the bulk ofthe manpower that cleared the site and helped repair and reconstruct vital infrastructure. These support sen/ices are common to disaster site work and have significant hazards associated with them, including exposure to toxic materials; physical danger from falls, confined space, environmental hazards; and constmcfion equipment; and damaging psychological effects from post-traumatic stress. Fortunately, programs like the NIEHS Hazardous Waste Worker Training Program (HWWTP) were able to quickly identify workforce safety and training needs. Using skilled instructors, mobile training units, and local training facilities, organizations like LIUNA Training rapidly responded and provided safety and skills training for WTC workers. Hundreds of CCL and other trades workers benefited from this training, which provided them with personal protective equipment, HW remediation and asbestos abatement skills, and information on site specific hazards. After 9-11, many experts reviewed emergency response hazards, the training workers received, and the lack of attention to worker protection. Much time was spent deciding how to prepare for future disasters. Govemment representatives, labor leaders, health professionals, and workforce educators worked together to identify training needs and to establish new emergency response plans that would better prepare us for the next disaster. When the disaster arrived, it was of such a magnitude and resulted in such widespread damage, that the nation was once again caught off-guard. The 2005 Gulf Coast hurricanes left the nation seeking trained disaster response workers and looking to government agencies to protect both workers and citizens. Different hazards, like mold, lead paint, biological, and petroleum contamination, required specialized training. LIUNA Training again rose to the challenge and provided emergency response and health and safety training under the HWV\/TP and the Hazmat Disaster Preparedness Training Program (HDPTP). As a result of these and smaller incidents, the country has learned more about the relationship between emergency response and worker safety training. OSHA has provided recommendations for disaster response training that include OHSA Construction Safety and Health, HW Worker, and Disaster Site Worker courses. (OSHA 2009) The U.S. Department of Homeland Security directed the development and administration ofthe National Incident Management System (U.S. DHS 2008) and clarified the role of government and private sector responders. Worker health and safety and training organizations and government agencies created curriculum, resources, worker pocket guides, and OHSA quick cards for comprehensive worker training and easy reference. (OHSA 2008; CDC 2009) Even safety equipment companies provide informafion and research on worker protecfion. (Johnson, 2009) Training programs, disaster exercises, and development of information on different types of disasters have all been a part of ongoing efforts to promote disaster preparedness. Yet much more needs to be accomplished. To maintain a skilled workforce that is easily accessible and available for disaster site work requires ongoing training and retraining. Workers must already have the skills and experience of their trade as well as specialized safety and response training required for hazardous environments. Natural and man-induced disasters are proving to be more common. Environmental disasters (hurricanes, earthquakes, floods, fires); disasters from failed engineering or natural resource extracfion (coal sludge pond breaches, bridge collapses, dam failures, shuttle and airplane crashes), war induced incidents or other acts of terrorism (WTC, anthrax, bombings), and the potential for nuclear and other energy-related disasters are all within the realm of possibility. Any one of these could occur at any fime, and the nation needs to be as prepared as possible. Such preparafion must include training for the workers who will respond in these times of need.

在世界贸易中心（WTC）恐怖袭击发生后，美国立即了解到，有数千名工人愿意将自己置于危险之中，以帮助应急响应、恢复和清理工作。最终，我们也了解到，保护这些英雄的系统并不像他们的奉献那样有效。工人保护被认为是重要的，但还没有重要到需要强调或适当执行的程度。因此，那些为消除恐怖主义在国土上留下的伤疤而不懈努力的工人，现在由于接触有毒灰尘和碎片，健康状况正在恶化。 建造工艺实验室（CCL）是技术支持人员（SSP）的一部分， 世贸中心灾难应对。他们提供了长时间的废物清除，去污染活动，去污和其他支持紧急救援人员的任务。后来，他们提供了大部分的人力来清理现场，并帮助修复和重建重要的基础设施。这些支助服务在灾害现场工作中很常见，并具有与之相关的重大危险，包括接触有毒材料;因福尔斯坠落、密闭空间、环境危害和建筑设备造成的人身危险;以及创伤后压力造成的破坏性心理影响。 幸运的是，NIEHS危险废物工人培训计划（HWWTP）等项目能够快速确定劳动力安全和培训需求。利用熟练的教师、移动的培训单位和当地的培训设施，像LIUNA Training这样的组织迅速做出反应，为世贸中心的工人提供安全和技能培训。数百名CCL和其他行业的工人受益于这一培训，培训为他们提供了个人防护设备、有害物质补救和石棉消除技能，以及关于现场具体危险的信息。 9-11事件后，许多专家审查了应急反应的危害，培训了工人， 对劳动者的保护不够重视。很多时间都花在了如何为未来的灾难做准备上。政府代表、劳工领袖、卫生专业人员和劳动力教育工作者共同努力，确定培训需求，并制定新的应急计划，以便为下一次灾难做好准备。当灾难到来时，它的规模如此之大，造成如此广泛的破坏，使国家再次措手不及。 2005年墨西哥湾沿岸的飓风使美国寻求训练有素的救灾人员，并指望政府机构保护工人和公民。不同的危险，如霉菌、含铅油漆、生物和石油污染，需要专门的培训。LIUNA培训再次迎接挑战，在HWV/TP和Hazmat灾害准备培训方案下提供应急和健康与安全培训。 由于这些和较小的事件，该国对应急反应和工人安全培训之间的关系有了更多的了解。OSHA提供 灾难应对培训的建议，包括OHSA建筑安全与健康，HW工人和灾难现场工人课程。(OSHA 2009年）美国国土安全部指导了国家事故管理系统（美国国土安全部2008年）的开发和管理，并明确了政府和私营部门响应者的作用。工人健康和安全以及培训组织和政府机构创建了课程，资源，工人口袋指南和OHSA快速卡，用于全面的工人培训和方便的参考。(OHSA 2008; CDC 2009）甚至安全设备公司也提供有关工人保护的信息和研究。（约翰逊，2009年） 培训方案、灾害演习和开发关于不同类型灾害的信息都是促进备灾的持续努力的一部分。然而，还有许多工作要做。为了维持一支容易获得并可用于灾害现场工作的熟练劳动力队伍，需要不断进行培训和再培训。工人必须已经具备本行业的技能和经验，以及危险环境所需的专门安全和反应培训。 自然灾害和人为灾害越来越常见。环境灾害（飓风、地震、洪水、火灾）;工程失败或自然资源开采造成的灾害（煤污泥池决口、桥梁坍塌、大坝坍塌、航天飞机和飞机坠毁）、战争引发的事件或其他恐怖主义行为（世贸中心、炭疽、爆炸），以及核和其他能源相关灾害的可能性都在可能范围之内。其中任何一个都可能在任何时候发生，国家需要尽可能做好准备。这种培训必须包括对在需要时作出反应的工人进行培训。