Psychological And Methodological Issues In Substance Abuse Treatment/research

治疗部分继续研究可能有助于患者-治疗匹配的预测因素，以改善对个体患者的适当治疗。 从成瘾中恢复的人经常引用灵性作为一种有益的影响。 然而，很少有人知道灵性是否或如何可以纳入正式治疗的方式是敏感的个体差异。 为了解决这些问题，我们对25名美沙酮维持门诊患者（主要是受过高中教育的非裔美国男性）进行了一项焦点小组研究，我们要求他们讨论他们对精神在恢复中的作用及其在正式治疗中的适当性的信念。 小组还讨论了积极成瘾期间精神和行为之间的关系。 专题分析表明，精神和宗教习俗在活跃的成瘾期间以复杂的方式受到影响，但与恢复密切相关。 几乎所有与会者都同意，将自愿精神讨论小组纳入正式治疗比目前可用的替代方案更可取。 一个限制是，所有参与者都认为自己是强烈的精神。 对更多样化样本的研究将有助于指导正规治疗环境中基于精神的干预措施的制定和评估。

The Treatment Section continues to investigate predictors that might be useful for patient-treatment matching to improve the delivery of appropriate treatments to individual patients. Individuals recovering from addictions frequently cite spirituality as a helpful influence. However, little is known about whether or how spirituality could be incorporated into formal treatment in a manner that is sensitive to individual differences. To address these questions, we conducted a focus-group study with 25 methadone-maintained outpatients (primarily high-school educated, African-American males) in which we asked them to discuss their beliefs about the role of spirituality in recovery and its appropriateness in formal treatment. Groups also discussed the relationship between spirituality and behavior during active addiction. Thematic analyses suggested that spirituality and religious practices suffered in complex ways during active addiction, but went hand in hand with recovery. Nearly all participants agreed that integration of a voluntary spiritual discussion group into formal treatment would be preferable to currently available alternatives. One limitation was that all participants identified as strongly spiritual. Studies of more diverse samples will help guide the development and evaluation of spiritually based interventions in formal treatment settings.