Impact of trauma on emotional systems neurobiology

创伤对情绪系统神经生物学的影响

• 批准号: 8716219
• 负责人: Jennifer Strafford Stevens
• 金额: $ 5.6万
• 依托单位: EMORY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-05-02 至 2017-05-01
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8716219
• 关键词: Affective; Amygdaloid structure; Anterior; Area; Arousal; Attention; Brain Stem; Brain region; Cell Nucleus; Cereals; Chronic Post Traumatic Stress Disorder; Code; Control Groups; DSM-IV; Development; Diagnosis; Disease; Down-Regulation; Emotional; Emotions; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Episodic memory; Event; Exposure to; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Galvanic Skin Response; Genes; Genetic Polymorphism; Glucocorticoid Receptor; Goals; Healthcare Systems; Hippocampus (Brain); Human; Image; Incidence; Individual; Intervention; Longevity; Medial; Memory; Mental disorders; Midbrain structure; Modeling; Molecular Chaperones; Morphology; Neurobiology; Participant; Physiological; Population; Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders; Prefrontal Cortex; Psychophysiology; Recruitment Activity; Reflex action; Relative (related person); Research; Risk; Sampling; Severities; Societies; Stimulus; Symptoms; System; Time; Trauma; Twin Studies; United States; cingulate cortex; emotion regulation; emotional stimulus; experience; follow-up; genetic risk factor; high risk; hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; memory encoding; neural model; neuroimaging; novel; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; response; risk variant

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized by persistent and intrusive memories of traumatic experiences, and general hyper-arousal. Current models of the neural systems involved in PTSD highlight abnormalities in an emotion regulation system involving amygdala hyper-reactivity accompanied by reduced top-down regulation from medial prefrontal regions such as anterior cingulate cortex. However, few previous studies have examined the effects of trauma on functional interactions between the amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex, particularly within the context of engaging and regulating emotional arousal responses. The purpose of the proposed research is to investigate the effects of trauma and PTSD on the brain regions that support and regulate emotional arousal responses to affective stimuli. Environmental factors are uniquely involved in PTSD relative to other psychiatric disorders, as traumatic events serve as a trigger for PTSD, and the intensity and duration of trauma is correlated with symptom severity. In addition, twin studies suggest that heritable factors contribute to vulnerability to the disorder. An additional goal of the proposed research will be to examine gene x environment interaction models of PTSD by focusing on genetic polymorphisms in FKBP5, a gene coding for a co-chaperone in the HPA axis system, as risk alleles have been shown to predict PTSD development after a trauma, and this gene has been studied extensively by our group.

描述（由申请人提供）：创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的特征是对创伤经历的持续和侵入性记忆，以及一般的过度觉醒。目前涉及PTSD的神经系统模型突出了情绪调节系统的异常，涉及杏仁核高反应性，伴随着内侧前额叶区域（如前扣带皮层）自上而下的调节减少。然而，很少有以前的研究已经检查了创伤对杏仁核和内侧前额叶皮层之间的功能相互作用的影响，特别是在参与和调节情绪唤醒反应的背景下。本研究的目的是探讨创伤和PTSD对支持和调节对情感刺激的情绪唤醒反应的大脑区域的影响。相对于其他精神疾病，环境因素是PTSD的独特因素，因为创伤事件是PTSD的触发因素，创伤的强度和持续时间与症状严重程度相关。此外，双胞胎研究表明，遗传因素有助于对疾病的脆弱性。拟议研究的另一个目标是通过关注FKBP5的遗传多态性来检查PTSD的基因x环境相互作用模型，FKBP5是HPA轴系统中共伴侣蛋白的基因编码，因为风险等位基因已被证明可以预测创伤后PTSD的发展，并且我们小组已经广泛研究了该基因。