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Basic mechanisms of cultural relativity in emotion perception

情感感知中文化相对性的基本机制

基本信息

批准号：
8909314
负责人：
Maria Therese Gendron
金额：
$ 5.69万
依托单位：
NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-06-15 至 2018-06-14
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8909314
关键词：
Accounting Address Affective Africa African Autistic Disorder Basic Science Behavior Behavioral Binding Chinese People Clinical Research Code Complex Diagnostic Disease Emotional Emotions Face Feeling Fellowship Fostering Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Future Health Health Care Costs Impairment Individual Intervention Investigation Language Maps Measures Mental Health Mental disorders Methods Modeling Movement Namibia National Institute of Mental Health Nature Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Neurosciences Neurosciences Research Normal Range Participant Pathology Pathway interactions Perception Prefrontal Cortex Prevention Process Productivity Psychology Research Research Activity Research Domain Criteria Role Sampling Science Scientist Social Functioning Social Perception Technology Testing Thinking Training Translational Research Treatment Cost United States Variant Work affective neuroscience base economic cost innovation insight lens mental state natural language neuroimaging public health relevance reading difficulties relating to nervous system research study response social social cognition task analysis vocalization

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Difficulty in emotional perception is a key trans-diagnostic impairment. Emotion perception deficits contribute to mental health treatment costs and incur significant social and economic costs, more broadly. Inability to perceive emotion can have a profound impact on professional and personal realms, due to losses in worker productivity and disruptions on social functioning. Yet scientists lack of mechanistic understanding of emotion perception and deficits therein. This represents a critical barrier to treatment and prevention within this major facet in social functioning. I propose that surmounting this critical barrier can be achieved by examining emotion perception through a cross-cultural lens, using a process-based theoretical approach. Cultural comparisons can provide a lens on normative variation that is typically obscured within a single cultural context. The proposed research aims to reveal the ways in which the underlying mechanisms that contribute to emotion perception are contextually bound and culturally variable. I will examine two processes: mentalizing (i.e., how much people make inferences about the inner feelings) and action perception (i.e., how much people identify situated behaviors). It has long been assumed that "health" is universally defined by the engagement of mentalizing during emotion perception. Yet my prior research identified a culture (the Himba of Namibia) where this is not the case. I plan to continue study individuals from the Himba cultural context, and expand to a Chinese cultural context, to further probe cultural variation in the mechanisms of normal emotion perception. With aim 1, I will better characterize cultural variation in mentalizing and action identification through analysis of natural language use during emotion perception and mentalizing tasks. With aim 2, I will investigate the neural underpinnings of cultural variation in mentalizing using ambulatory neuroimaging by examining the functioning of one region that anchors the network underpinning mental state inference the dorsomedial cortex (dmPFC). I predict that people in cultural contexts in which mental state language use occurs more frequently (Aim 1), the dmPFC will be more robustly activated, during both domain specific (emotion) and domain general (mentalizing) tasks (Aim 2). By examining emotion perception as a complex act of social cognition within a cultural framework, I aim to reveal the underlying mechanisms of emotion perception that are consistent across cultural contexts and those that differ. This will allow me t build a more mechanistic model of emotion perception that can inform our understanding of how these processes can go awry to produce disordered emotion perception. Based on this research, future interventions could be tailored based on a mechanistic account. In the United States, treatment for individuals high in action identification (e.g., individuals with Autism) coud be informed by understanding transactions that primarily rely on action identification in other cultures.