Neural determinents of sound encoding in the aging ear and brain

衰老耳朵和大脑中声音编码的神经决定因素

• 批准号: 8861116
• 负责人: KELLY C HARRIS
• 金额: $ 37.04万
• 依托单位: MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-04-01 至 2020-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8861116
• 关键词: Acoustic Nerve; Acoustics; Age; Aging; Algorithms; Anatomy; Animal Model; Auditory; Auditory system; Behavioral; Brain; Brain Stem; Characteristics; Clinical Management; Communication; Complex; Cues; Detection; Development; Devices; Diagnosis; Dissociation; Ear; Economics; Elderly; Frequencies; Functional disorder; Glutamates; Health; Hearing; Human; Individual; Individual Differences; Intervention; Lead; Link; Measures; Metabolic; Metabolism; Methods; Modeling; Neuraxis; Neurons; Neurophysiology - biologic function; Noise; Outcome; Pathology; Pattern; Peripheral; Phase; Physiological; Process; Productivity; Quality of life; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Series; Speech; Stimulus; Stream; Structure; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; Variant; age effect; age related; base; clinical Diagnosis; design; experience; hearing impairment; improved; indexing; innovation; meetings; neuroimaging; neurotransmission; novel; processing speed; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; remediation; research study; selective attention; signal processing; sound; speech recognition; temporal measurement; white matter

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Age related declines in speech recognition are common for older adults and pose serious consequences for quality of life, which include a variety of poorer health outcomes and decreased economic productivity. Current rehabilitation methods largely depend on amplification to restore speech information and improve speech recognition. However, age-related changes throughout the central and peripheral auditory system may limit the efficacy of intervention strategies and contribute to speech recognition difficulties in older adults. Despite the growing importance of understanding the effects of age on the central auditory system and speech recognition difficulties, studies linking these related phenomena in humans are scarce. The proposed projects use complementary neuroimaging and behavioral methods to identify the structural and metabolic bases for neural declines that impact speech recognition with age. The experiments in Aim 1 examine how age-related deficits in the auditory nerve contribute to dyssynchrony and lead to changes in neural function, structure, and metabolism throughout the central auditory system, and declines in speech recognition. The experiments in Aim 2 characterize how advanced age alters cortical microstructure and contributes to slowed neural processing speed, which is predicted to limit speech envelope encoding and result in poorer speech recognition. By identifying specific neural deficits that contribute to age-related speech recognition declines, the proposed project may lead to improved and more individualized diagnoses and detection of specific age-related auditory processing deficits, and guide the development of more personalized signal processing algorithms for amplification devices and neural based interventions.

 描述(由申请人提供)：与年龄相关的语音识别能力下降在老年人中很常见，并对生活质量造成严重后果，包括各种较差的健康结果和经济生产率下降。目前的康复方法在很大程度上依赖于放大来恢复语音信息和改善语音识别。然而，整个中枢和外周听觉系统中与年龄相关的变化可能会限制干预策略的有效性，并导致老年人的语音识别困难。尽管了解年龄对中枢听觉系统和语音识别困难的影响越来越重要，但将这些相关现象与人类联系起来的研究很少。拟议的项目使用互补的神经成像和行为方法来确定神经衰退的结构和代谢基础，这些神经衰退会随着年龄的增长影响语音识别。目标1中的实验考察了与年龄相关的听神经缺陷如何导致不同步，并导致整个中枢听觉系统的神经功能、结构和新陈代谢的变化，以及语音识别能力的下降。目标2中的实验表征了高龄如何改变皮质微结构，并导致神经处理速度减慢，预计这将限制语音包络编码，导致语音识别能力下降。通过识别导致年龄相关语音识别能力下降的特定神经缺陷，拟议的项目可能导致改进和更个性化的特定年龄相关听觉处理缺陷的诊断和检测，并指导为放大设备和基于神经的干预开发更个性化的信号处理算法。