The Effect of Bariatric Surgery on Carbohydrate Metabolism

减肥手术对碳水化合物代谢的影响

基本信息

批准号：
8640928
负责人：
Adrian Vella
金额：
$ 29.89万
依托单位：
MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-04-03 至 2015-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8640928
关键词：
Abbreviations Address Affect Amides Animals Antidiabetic Drugs Appearance Bariatrics Body Weight decreased Bypass C-Peptide Caloric Restriction Calories Cholecystokinin Clinic Clinical Research Denervation Development Diabetes Mellitus Diet Dipeptidyl Peptidases Disease remission Distal Double-Blind Method Duodenum Effectiveness Energy Intake Enteric Nervous System Enteroendocrine Cell Gastrectomy Gastric Bypass Gastric Emptying Gastrointestinal Motility Gastrointestinal Transit Gastroparesis Glucagon Glucose Hepatic Hormonal Hormones Hour Human Hunger Hyperglycemia Hyperinsulinism Impaired fasting glycaemia Individual Ingestion Insulin Insulin Resistance Intestinal Bypasses Intestinal Hormones Intestinal Secretions Intestines Intravenous L Cells Lead Malabsorption Syndromes Measurement Measures Metabolic Methodology Modeling Nerve Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Nutrient Obesity Operative Surgical Procedures Oral Organ Pancreas Patients Peptide YY Peripheral Physiology Placebo Control Postoperative Period Preventive Intervention Procedures Qualitative Methods Research Resolution Respiratory Diaphragm Rodent Satiation Signal Transduction Small Intestines Stomach Suggestion System Techniques Testing Time Tracer absorption bariatric surgery blood glucose regulation carbohydrate metabolism design dietary restriction fasting glucose gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor glucagon-like peptide glucose disposal glucose metabolism glucose production glucose tolerance glucose uptake glycemic control ileum improved incretin hormone indexing insulin secretagogues insulin secretion intervention effect intravenous glucose tolerance test jejunum member novel public health relevance receptor treatment strategy tyrosyltyrosine uptake

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overall aim of this application is to determine the mechanism(s) by which common bariatric surgical procedures alter carbohydrate metabolism. Very often, resolution of diabetes occurs in the early post-operative period prior to the development of significant weight loss. It has been suggested that bariatric surgery alters insulin action but few studies have examined insulin secretion or postprandial glucose fluxes in such patients. Recently, it has been shown that bypass of relatively short segments of the intestine are associated with remission of type 2 diabetes reinforcing the suggestion that hormonal signals from the excluded proximal gut favorably alter glucose metabolism. Another possibility is that enhanced distal intestinal delivery of nutrients stimulates hypersecretion of known or unknown hormones produced by the enteroendocrine system which ameliorate diabetes. Postprandial glucose tolerance is the net result of insulin secretion and action, intestinal uptake and splanchnic extraction, peripheral glucose uptake and suppression of endogenous glucose production. At the present time, little is known about how the various bariatric surgical procedures alter glucose homeostasis. It is essential that the effect of bariatric surgery and meal size on these parameters be understood and accurately measured. Enteroendocrine secretion is affected by the rate of intestinal delivery of calories and may also be modulated by the enteric nervous system and the rate of direct delivery of nutrients to enteroendocrine cells. Direct measurement of intestinal transit is also an important part of understanding how bariatric surgery alters intestinal secretion of hormones that may alter glucose metabolism.

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请的总体目的是确定常见的减肥手术程序改变碳水化合物代谢的机制。通常，糖尿病的分辨率发生在大量体重减轻的术后早期。有人提出，减肥手术改变了胰岛素作用，但很少有研究检查了此类患者的胰岛素分泌或餐后葡萄糖通量。最近，已经表明，肠道相对较短段的旁路与2型糖尿病的缓解相关，这加强了从排除的近端肠道近端有利地改变葡萄糖代谢的建议。另一种可能性是，增强营养素的远端肠道递送刺激了肠内分泌系统所产生的已知或未知激素的过度分泌，从而改善糖尿病。餐后葡萄糖耐受性是胰岛素分泌和作用，肠道摄取和诊断提取，外周葡萄糖摄取和抑制内源性葡萄糖产生的结果。目前，关于各种减肥手术程序如何改变葡萄糖稳态的方式知之甚少。重要的是要了解和准确测量减肥手术和进餐对这些参数的影响。肠内分泌分泌受卡路里肠道递送率的影响，也可能受到肠神经系统的调节，以及将营养素直接递送到肠内分泌细胞的速度。直接测量肠道传输也是了解减肥手术如何改变可能改变葡萄糖代谢的激素的肠道分泌的重要组成部分。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（2）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Outcomes and quality of life after partial pancreatectomy for noninsulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemia from diffuse islet cell disease.

DOI：
10.1016/j.surg.2010.09.027
发表时间：
2010-12
期刊：
SURGERY
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Vanderveen, Kimberly A.;Grant, Clive S.;Thompson, Geoffrey B.;Farley, David R.;Richards, Melanie L.;Vella, Adrian;Vollrath, Brenda;Service, F. John
通讯作者：
Service, F. John

Accurate Measurement of Postprandial Glucose Turnover: Why Is It Difficult and How Can It Be Done (Relatively) Simply?

准确测量餐后血糖周转率：为什么困难以及如何（相对）简单地完成？