Cardio-Pulmonary Stethoscope: A novel radio frequency sensor for non-invasive mea

描述（由申请人提供）：慢性心力衰竭及其急性加重是美国住院、费用和死亡的主要原因之一。每年，超过一百万患者因心力衰竭（HF）住院，这导致医疗保险总支出超过170亿美元。HF的临床管理是昂贵的，并且已经建议通过重新设计的集成HF治疗中心来取代传统的HF临床模式以降低这些成本。HF管理的基石是具有评估患者容量/液体状态的可靠方法。具体而言，肺水（CLW）变化的评估和早期检测非常重要。然而，详细的文献综述和对100多名心脏病专家的采访显示，没有可靠的、非侵入性的、低成本的和易于使用的医学传感器来进行这些测量。为了克服这些瓶颈，在测量CLW，我们提出了CPS技术，这是一种新的传感器的基础上，对病人的胸部的射频（RF）测量。CPS可以无创和准确地测量CLW（通过动物实验证明），心脏波形，心率（HR）和呼吸率（RR）（在一些男性受试者身上证明）。值得注意的是，所提出的技术虽然基于RF测量，但与其他基于非接触式雷达型测量的技术不同。这些基于雷达测量的技术遇到强烈的表面反射，因此似乎不充分，并且不用于任何深度测量，例如肺含水量。本研究的主要目的是评估和验证CPS在HF患者临床环境中测量CLW和其他生命体征的准确性。将CPS测量的生命体征与右心导管插入术和其他标准监测程序获得的生命体征进行比较。该项目将与夏威夷大学的John A.伯恩斯医学院（生物统计学）、工程学院（CPS技术开发）和女王医学中心（临床实验）。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Chronic heart failure, and its acute exacerbations, is one of the leading causes of hospitalization, costs and deaths in the United States. Annually, more than one million patients are hospitalized due to heart failure (HF) and this accounts for a total Medicare expenditure exceeding $17 billion. Clinical management of HF is expensive, and proposals to replace the traditional HF clinic model by reengineered integrated HF treatment centers to reduce these costs have been suggested. A cornerstone of HF management is having a reliable way of assessing patients' volume/fluid status. Specifically, assessment and early detection of the changes in lung water (CLW) is very important. However, a detailed literature review and interviews with more than 100 cardiologists revealed that, there is no reliable, non-invasive, low-cost and easy-to-use medical sensor for making these measurements. To overcome these bottlenecks in measuring the CLW, we propose the CPS technology which is a novel sensor based on radio frequency (RF) measurements on the patient's chest. CPS can non-invasively and accurately measure the CLW (demonstrated by animal experiments), cardiac waveforms, heart rate (HR), and respiration rate (RR) (demonstrated on a few male human subjects). It is worth noting that the proposed technology, although based on RF measurements, is different from others that are based non-contact, radar-type measurements. These radar measurements based techniques encounter strong surface reflections, and hence seem inadequate and were not used for any at depth measurements such as lung water content. The main objective of this study is to assess and validate the accuracy of the CPS in measuring the CLW, and other vital signs in a clinical setting with HF patients. The vital signs measured by CPS will be compared to those obtained from right heart catheterization and other standard monitoring procedures. This project will be conducted in collaboration with the University of Hawaii John A. Burns School of Medicine (biostatistics), College of Engineering (CPS technology development), and Queen's Medical Center (clinical experiments).