Contribution of the parietal cortex to auditory-stream perception

顶叶皮层对听觉流感知的贡献

• 批准号: 9191773
• 负责人: Francisco A Rodriguez Campos
• 金额: $ 6.47万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-10-01 至 2017-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9191773
• 关键词: Acoustics; Alzheimer' s Disease; Applications Grants; Area; Auditory; Auditory Perception; Auditory Psychophysics; Auditory system; Behavior; Behavioral; Benchmarking; Computer Simulation; Dorsal; Dyslexia; Ear; Electrophysiology (science); Environment; Goals; Judgment; Knowledge; Left; Macaca; Macaca mulatta; Mentors; Monkeys; Neurons; Neurosciences; Parietal Lobe; Pathway interactions; Perception; Performance; Process; Psychophysics; Qualifying; Reporting; Research; Sound Localization; Stimulus; Stream; Testing; Training; auditory pathway; base; behavior test; insight; lateral intraparietal area; nervous system disorder; neuromechanism; relating to nervous system; segregation; sound; training opportunity

SUMMARY A primary goal of the auditory system is to transform acoustic stimuli arriving at the ear into distinct perceptual representations (i.e., sounds or auditory streams). Traditionally, auditory perception is associated with the hierarchical computations that occur along the “ventral” auditory pathway. However, several lines of evidence indicate that the “dorsal” auditory pathway (i.e., the intraparietal area [area LIP])—which is traditionally associated with sound localization and audiomotor processing—may also contribute to auditory- stream perception. In particular, it is thought that the dorsal pathway contributes to the processes that allow an auditory stream to be segregated from a background environment (i.e., auditory scene analysis, including figure-background segregation). This grant proposal tests the contribution of area LIP to auditory-stream perception by evaluating the neural principles that underlie auditory-stream perception in the dorsal auditory pathway. To achieve this goal, we test the contribution of neural activity in macaque lateral intraparietal area (area LIP) to auditory perception while monkeys participate in an objective test of auditory streaming (i.e., the “streaming” task). This single-interval two-alternative forced-choice task requires a monkey to report whether a “test” stimulus is to the left or to the right of a “reference” stimulus, while in the presence of a “masker” stimulus. By titrating the temporal coherence between the reference/test and the masker stimuli, the reference/test stimuli become grouped or segregated from the masker stimulus. That is, they become single or distinct auditory streams. This manipulation also makes the task more or less difficult. In Aim #1, we identify the contribution of neural activity in macaque lateral intraparietal area (area LIP) to auditory-stream perception. The contribution of spiking activity in the dorsal pathway to auditory-stream perception is not fully understand. To gain insight into these neural mechanisms, rhesus monkeys participate in the detect-target task. We record single-neuron LIP spiking activity while monkeys perform the streaming task. We test two hypotheses. Specifically, we hypothesize that (1) monkeys will perform better when the test stimulus is presented incoherently from the masker stimulus (i.e., when they segregate into different streams) than when they are presented coherently (i.e., grouped into one stream) and (2) LIP sensitivity will reflect the degree to which the test and masker stimuli form separate streams and will correlate with behavioral performance.

总结 听觉系统的主要目标是将到达耳朵的声学刺激转换成不同的听觉信号。 感知表示（即，声音或听觉流）。传统上，听觉感知与 沿着“腹侧”听觉通路进行分层计算。然而，几行 证据表明“背侧”听觉通路（即，顶叶内区（LIP区）， 传统上与声音定位和听觉处理相关-也可能有助于听觉- 流知觉特别是，据认为，背侧通路有助于允许 要从背景环境中分离的听觉流（即，听觉场景分析，包括 图-背景分离）。这项拨款建议测试了LIP地区对生态流的贡献 通过评估背侧听觉中的神经流感知的神经原理来评估感知 通路为了实现这一目标，我们测试了猕猴外侧顶内区神经活动的贡献 (area LIP）对听觉感知的影响，而猴子参与听觉流的客观测试（即，的 “流”任务）。这个单间隔两个选择的强迫选择任务要求猴子报告是否 “测试”刺激位于“参考”刺激的左侧或右侧，而在存在“掩蔽物”的情况下， 刺激。通过滴定参考/测试和掩蔽刺激之间的时间相干性， 参考/测试刺激被分组或与掩蔽刺激分离。也就是说，他们变成单身 或不同的听觉流。这种操纵也使任务或多或少困难。在目标#1中，我们 确定猕猴外侧顶内区（LIP区）的神经活动对大脑皮层电流的贡献 perception.背侧通路的锋电位活动对脑流知觉的贡献并不完全 明白为了深入了解这些神经机制，恒河猴参与了检测目标 任务我们记录单神经元LIP尖峰活动，而猴子执行流任务。我们测试两个 假设具体来说，我们假设（1）当测试刺激是 与掩蔽刺激不相干地呈现（即，当他们分离成不同的流）比当 它们被连贯地呈现（即，分组为一个流）和（2）LIP敏感性将反映 其中测试和掩蔽刺激形成单独的流并且将与行为表现相关。