Adolescent tanning and social media

 描述(由申请人提供)：室内晒黑会增加患鳞状细胞癌、基底细胞癌和黑色素瘤的风险，特别是在很早就开始晒黑的人中。在过去的五年里，公共卫生努力和州立法减少了青少年的室内晒黑行为。然而，室内晒黑在某些高危人群中仍然很常见，而且会产生影响，比如女性非西班牙裔白人青少年。青少年和年轻成人(Aya)晒黑行为的风险因素包括同龄人晒黑的看法和晒黑有助于美丽的信念。社交媒体可能会加强室内日光浴的风险因素，比如通过室内日光浴沙龙的Facebook页面。Facebook影响力模型说明了社交媒体如何影响用户的关键结构。社交媒体的使用很频繁，在Aya中几乎无处不在，关于室内日光浴沙龙如何利用社交媒体工具来影响Aya，人们知之甚少。我们的长期目标是利用社交媒体提供有针对性的理论驱动的干预措施，以预防和减少室内晒黑。因此，该应用程序的目标是进行必要的基础工作，以确定如何使用社交媒体来推广室内晒黑。Aim 1将在Facebook和Twitter上评估每个州(n=100)两家受欢迎的室内日光浴沙龙一年的内容。我们将应用Facebook影响力模型中的4个关键结构对沙龙个人资料进行内容分析，每个结构的示例包括：连接：好友/关注者数量，点赞/评论/分享数量；标识：沙龙邀请用户认同什么理想，例如 时尚、美丽或冒险；比较：沙龙是否将与他人的比较作为晒黑的理由；身临其境的体验：呈现多媒体视频，将晒黑与当地活动联系起来。除了这些理论驱动的结构，我们还将评估健康信息：沙龙简介是否提供关于晒黑的健康信息，以及这些信息是否准确；以及针对Aya：室内晒黑沙龙是否针对Aya，例如通过舞会或春假促销。目标2将用阿亚的视角对这些数据进行三角测量。我们的方法将包括对40名高危Aya进行定性访谈，Aya的定义是16-23岁的非西班牙裔白人女性，她们在过去一年里进行过室内日光浴。为了吸引使用社交媒体的参与者，我们将使用Facebook和Twitter广告进行招募。然后，我们将筛选资格，并将未成年参与者的父母电话同意纳入其中。定性访谈将探讨社交媒体如何影响室内晒黑的观点，回顾和讨论目标1的研究结果，并在有目的的高危AYA样本中讨论潜在的干预想法。这项研究的结果将包括了解室内日光浴沙龙如何利用社交媒体影响Aya，以及Aya对调查结果和干预想法的反馈。这一具有成本效益的小额赠款项目将为设计有针对性的干预措施提供关键数据，以利用社交媒体预防和减少室内晒黑。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Indoor tanning increases the risk of developing squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma and melanoma, particularly among people who initiate at an early age. In the past five years, public health efforts and state legislation have contributed to reduced indoor tanning behaviors among adolescents. However, indoor tanning remains common and consequential among certain at-risk groups such as female non-Hispanic white adolescents. Risk factors for adolescent and young adult (AYA) tanning behaviors include perceptions that peers tan and beliefs about tanning contributing to beauty. Social media may enhance these risk factors for indoor tanning, such as through an indoor tanning salon's Facebook page. The Facebook Influence Model illustrates key constructs in how social media can influence users. Social media use is frequent and nearly ubiquitous among AYA, little is known about how indoor tanning salons leverage social media tools to influence AYA. Our long-term goal is to use social media to provide targeted theory-driven interventions to prevent and reduce indoor tanning. Thus, the objectives of this application are to conduct necessary foundational work to determine how social media is used to promote indoor tanning. Aim 1 will evaluate 1 year of content from 2 popular indoor tanning salons in each state (n=100) on both Facebook and Twitter. We will conduct content analysis on salon profiles applying the 4 key constructs from the Facebook Influence Model, examples from each construct that will be applied in content analysis include: connection: number of friends/followers, number of likes/comments/shares; identification: what ideals the salon invites users to identify with such as fashion, beauty or adventure; comparison: whether the salon promotes comparison with others as a reason to tan; immersive experience: presence of multimedia videos, linking tanning to local events. In addition to these theory-driven constructs, we will also evaluate health information: whether the salon profile provides health information about tanning and whether that information is accurate; and targeting AYA: whether the indoor tanning salon targets AYA such as via prom or spring break promotions. Aim 2 will triangulate this data with views of AYA. Our methods will include qualitative interviews with 40 at-risk AYA, defined as non-Hispanic white females age 16-23 years who have done indoor tanning in the past year. To engage social media-using participants we will recruit using Facebook and Twitter advertisements. We will then screen for eligibility and incorporate parental phone consent for underage participants. Qualitative interviews will explore views of how social media may influence indoor tanning, review and discussion of Aim 1 findings, and discussion of potential intervention ideas among a purposeful sample of at-risk AYA. Outcomes for this study will include an understanding of how indoor tanning salons utilize social media to influence AYA, as well as AYA feedback on findings and intervention ideas. This cost-effective small grant project will provide critical data towards design of targeted interventions to prevent and reduce AYA indoor tanning using social media.