A Nanoparticle Respiratory Dose Sampler for Metal-Based Nanoparticles

描述(由申请人提供)：吸入金属微粒与严重的不良健康后果有关，从金属烟雾热到癌症。与典型的工业卫生取样器采集的样本中存在的较大颗粒(例如，可呼吸的)相比，纳米颗粒具有更大的生物反应性、在呼吸道中的沉积和沉积后在体内的流动性。因此，在烟气源附近新生产的纳米颗粒可能会导致观察到的大部分有害健康影响，而呼吸采样可能不足以评估金属接触风险。我们最近开发了一种新型的个人采样器-纳米颗粒呼吸剂量(NRD)采样器-以及一种易于使用、分析成本低的相关分析方法，并将其集成到当前的个人暴露采样策略中，可以简化评估二氧化钛纳米颗粒暴露的多步骤过程。本申请中概述的工作将扩大NRD采样器和相关分析方法的适用性，以显著改善对工作场所广泛的金属纳米颗粒暴露的暴露评估。随着这里提议的工作的成功完成，将有许多好处，包括一种创新的新采样器(目标1)以及适用于评估空气中金属颗粒暴露的相关分析方法(目标2)。通过实地研究(目标3)验证的这些新方法将可用于常规工业卫生实践和流行病学研究中的暴露评估，以更好地阐明可能具体与某些金属纳米颗粒暴露有关的不利健康影响。因此，我们的方法将被广泛用于评估新兴的纳米技术领域或更传统的职业环境中的暴露，例如发生焊接的地方。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Inhalation exposures of metal-based particles have been associated with severe adverse health outcomes from metal fume fever to cancer. Compared to the larger particles present in samples collected with typical industrial hygiene samplers (e.g., respirable), nanoparticles have substantially greater biological reactivity, deposition in the respiratory tract, and mobility in the body after depositing. Thus, freshly produced nanoparticles near fume sources may drive much of the observed adverse health effects, and respirable sampling may be insufficient to assess metal-based exposure risks. We have recently developed a novel personal sampler-the nanoparticle respiratory dose (NRD) sampler-and an associated analytical method that is easy to use, is inexpensive to analyze, and integrates into current personal exposure sampling strategies that can streamline the multi-step process for assessing titanium dioxide nanoparticle exposures. The work outlined in this application will expand the applicability of the NRD sampler and associated analytical methods to dramatically improve exposure assessment of a broad range of metal-based nanoparticle exposures in the workplace. With successful completion of the work proposed here, there will be many benefits, including an innovative, new sampler (Aim 1) coupled with associated analytical methods (Aim 2) applicable to assessing exposures to airborne metal-based particles. These new methodologies, validated through field studies (Aim 3), will be available for exposure assessments in routine industrial hygiene practice and in epidemiological study to better elucidate the adverse health effects that may be associated specifically with certain metal-based nanoparticle exposures. Consequently, our methods will have widespread use to assess exposures in the burgeoning field of nanotechnology or in more traditional occupational settings such as where welding occurs.