Adolescent fertility and social networks in rural Honduras

洪都拉斯农村地区的青少年生育率和社会网络

• 批准号: 9089672
• 负责人: Holly Baker Shakya
• 金额: $ 13.86万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-04-01 至 2021-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9089672
• 关键词: 19 year old; Accounting; Address; Adolescent; Age; Attitude; Behavior; Behavioral; Caring; Child; Communities; Complement; Complex; Country; Data; Demographic Accounting; Demography; Development; Development Plans; Educational workshop; Family Process; Fathers; Female; Fertility; Fertility Rates; Fostering; Foundations; Friends; Functional disorder; Funding; Future; Gender; Goals; Health; Health Services Accessibility; Healthcare; Hispanics; Honduras; Human; Immigrant; Individual; Informatics; Intervention; Investments; Latin America; Link; Low Income Population; Low income; Male Adolescents; Maternal Health; Measures; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Methods; Mothers; Neonatal; Outcome; Outcome Study; Pathway Analysis; Pathway interactions; Personal Satisfaction; Population; Positioning Attribute; Poverty; Pregnancy; Prevention; Public Health; Reproduction; Reproductive Health; Research; Research Activity; Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Role; Rural; Sampling Studies; Social Network; Testing; Time; Training; Training Activity; Variant; Vulnerable Populations; Woman; Work; behavioral study; boys; career; career development; cohesion; cohort; data integration; design; experience; girls; innovation; insight; interest; male; men; migration; novel; population health; prevent; programs; public health relevance; regional difference; skills; social; social norm; study population; teenage fertility; theories; tool; young mother

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Despite overall decreases in fertility rates throughout Latin America, fertility among adolescents has remained stubbornly persistent, particularly in countries such as Honduras which experiences some of the highest adolescent fertility rates in the region as well as globally. Honduras is also one of the 5 top countries from which the most illegal immigrants arrive in the US, many of whom are adolescents. Innovative research that integrates the understanding of the demographic and geographic determinants of adolescent fertility in Honduras with cutting edge social networks and social norms research can provide important insights into the pathways by which adolescent fertility in this population can be prevented. This Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01) will provide me with experience in formal demographic methods specific to researching fertility, expertise in the social determinants of adolescent fertility, as well as methods in spatial and social demography. This training and experience will foster my development as an independent researcher who can bridge the fields of spatial and social demography with the conceptual and methodological skills of social network analysis and social norms theory. My career development plan is designed to augment my training in global public health and allow me to: 1) gain experience in formal demography, with a focus on methods specific to understanding fertility, 2) develop expertise in the social determinants of adolescent fertility in Latino populations and 3) Obtain methodological expertise in spatial demography and geo-informatics, including analysis of spatial data, and integration of spatial variables into statistical analyses. These training goals will be achieved through didactic courses, workshops, hands-on research, and mentoring from an interdisciplinary team of experts. The overall objective of my research project is to identify the social and spatial determinants of adolescent fertility with the goal of informing future work on prevention within this vulnerable population. The project will utilize data from a Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation funded social network study to capitalize on its extensive research infrastructure. Previous research has suggested that social norms are an important determinant of adolescent fertility in Latin America, although these norms have, up to now not been measured quantitatively. Spatial demography provides the tools necessary to understand the geographic and social clustering of norms and attitudes, through the ability to parse out the effects of each component individually. Specifically, the research aims for this K01 are to: 1) Using formal demographic methods, determine the distribution as well as the social and demographic determinants of adolescent fertility (AF) for both girls and boys on a complete population within 160 villages in rural Honduras, 2) Assess the relationship between spatial clustering and social networks as determinants of AF, and test the effect of social network cohesion on the relationship between fertility-related social norms and AF, and 3) Assess the utility of a men's participation intervention on an adolescent boy's chance of becoming a father. This project will provide the groundwork for an R01 looking at a cohort of children from the original study population to extend the measures in this study to include an understanding of how migration, and family processes impact adolescent fertility. These training and research activities will position me as one of a few researchers in the field of public health with this uniue skill set and enable me to develop an independent research career.

 说明(申请人提供)：尽管整个拉丁美洲的生育率总体下降，但青少年生育率仍然顽固地持续存在，特别是在洪都拉斯等国家，这些国家的青少年生育率在该区域乃至全球都是最高的。洪都拉斯也是抵达美国的非法移民最多的5个国家之一，其中许多是青少年。将对洪都拉斯青少年生育率的人口和地理决定因素的了解与前沿的社会网络和社会规范研究相结合的创新研究，可以为预防这一人口中青少年生育率的途径提供重要的见解。这个指导研究科学家发展奖(K01)将为我提供专门研究生育力的正式人口统计方法的经验，青少年生育率的社会决定因素的专业知识，以及空间和社会人口学的方法。这种培训和经验将促进我作为一名独立研究员的发展，能够用社会网络分析和社会规范理论的概念和方法技能在空间和社会人口学领域架起桥梁。我的职业发展计划旨在加强我在全球公共卫生方面的培训，并使我能够：1)获得正式人口学方面的经验，重点是了解生育率的具体方法；2)发展拉丁裔人口青少年生育率的社会决定因素方面的专门知识；3)获得空间人口学和地理信息学方面的方法学专门知识，包括空间数据分析，以及将空间变量纳入统计分析。这些培训目标将通过授课课程、研讨会、实践研究和跨学科专家团队的指导来实现。我的研究项目的总体目标是确定 青少年生育率的社会和空间决定因素，目的是为今后在这一弱势群体中开展预防工作提供信息。该项目将利用比尔和梅琳达的数据 盖茨基金会资助了社交网络研究，以利用其广泛的研究基础设施。以前的研究表明，社会规范是拉丁美洲青少年生育率的一个重要决定因素，尽管到目前为止，这些规范还没有得到量化衡量。空间人口学通过单独分析每个组成部分的影响，为理解规范和态度的地理和社会聚集性提供了必要的工具。具体地说，这项研究的目的是：1)使用正式的人口统计学方法，确定洪都拉斯农村160个村庄内男女青少年生育率的分布以及社会和人口决定因素；2)评估空间集聚和社会网络之间的关系，作为青春期生育率的决定因素，并测试社会网络凝聚力对与生育相关的社会规范和青春期生育率之间关系的影响；3)评估男性参与干预对青春期男孩成为父亲的机会的效用。该项目将为R01研究原始研究人群中的儿童队列提供基础，以扩展本研究中的措施，以包括了解移民和家庭过程如何影响青少年生育能力。这些培训和研究活动将使我成为公共卫生领域为数不多的具有这种单一技能的研究人员之一，并使我能够发展独立的研究事业。