The Construction of Power, IPV and HIV risk among Meth-Using Men and Women

吸毒男性和女性的权力构建、IPV 和 HIV 风险

• 批准号: 9001328
• 负责人: Hitomi D Hayashi
• 金额: $ 1.16万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-02-01 至 2016-05-15
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9001328
• 关键词: Accounting; Affect; Age; Area; Attention; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Characteristics; Complex; County; Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Data Set; Decision Making; Development; Drug usage; Drug user; Epidemic; Evidence based intervention; Exclusion Criteria; Female; Gender; Gender Role; Goals; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV risk; Health; Heterosexuals; Income; Individual; Interpersonal Violence; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Interview; Judgment; Knowledge; Light; Literature; Methamphetamine; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Nature; Neighborhoods; Participant; Pathway interactions; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Play; Population; Power Sources; Public Health; Qualitative Methods; Recruitment Activity; Reporting; Research; Research Priority; Research Support; Resources; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Sex Bias; Sexual Health; Social support; Substance abuse problem; Surveys; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Victimization; Violence; Woman; Work; behavior influence; condoms; depressive symptoms; design; expectation; experience; gender difference; high risk; inclusion criteria; insight; intimate partner violence; male; men; methamphetamine use; methamphetamine user; neglect; racism; sex; sex risk; sexual relationship; sexual risk taking; sexual violence; skills; social; social exclusion; social stigma; violence victimization

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Intimate partner violence (IPV), defined as physical and sexual violence by a current or former intimate partner, poses a significant public health problem in the United States. According to CDC's 2010 National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey, more than 1 in 3 women and more than 1 in 4 men reported ever having experienced IPV. Research supports a number of risk factors related primarily to female victimization including: socio-demographic variables, sexual-risk behaviors, drug use, past abuse, etc. as well as emerging evidence for risk factors unique to abused males including gender expectations, stigma, and poor social support. Literature on the relationship between drug use and IPV indicates that methamphetamine (meth) use is independently associated with IPV among male, female and couple drug-users. Meth-use has been associated with impaired judgment, poor decision-making ability, and poor sexual relationship power (SRP), all which contribute to increased sexual risk behaviors and consequently, HIV infection. Power is defined as a multidimensional concept that involves a degree of inequity in the distribution of resources and is embodied in one's personal control and ability to influence the behaviors of others. While power is most commonly conceptualized in the form of SRP within IPV research, more recent studies have documented the role of social and structural sources of power in predicting risk of HIV and IPV. The specific aims of the proposed project are to quantitatively: 1) assess the relationship between sexual relationship power (SRP) and IPV among HIV-negative, heterosexual meth-using women and men, and 2) examine gender differences in risk factors (e.g. socio-demographic variables, SRP, condom use, drug use) associated with recent IPV using an existing data set from an HIV behavioral intervention study (FASTLANE2) conducted in 2001-2005. This study also aims to qualitatively: 3) describe the construction of power at the individual, social and structural levels and how this is related to IPV and sexual risk-taking, and 4) describe the relationship between power, IPV and sexual risk-taking behaviors within the context of meth-use. For the qualitative portion of this study we will recruit a sample of 60 heterosexual meth-using men and women (30 men and 30 women) who reside in San Diego County. Participants will be asked to complete one in-depth interview consisting of close and open-ended questions on personal characteristics, drug use, sexual risk behaviors, experience of IPV, power within their relationship, and neighborhood and social support characteristics. This research will add to the current literature by: 1) exploring gender differences in the risk factors related to IPV, 2) describing the construction of power at the individual, social and structural levels and how this impacts HIV risk behaviors and IPV; and 3) describing the relationship between power, IPV and sexual risk-taking within the context of meth-use. The long term goal of this work is to inform the creation of interventions tailored to the specific risk facors of IPV and HIV including poor power and related sexual-risk taking faced by meth-using men and women.

 描述（由申请人提供）：亲密伴侣暴力 (IPV) 被定义为现任或前任亲密伴侣实施的身体暴力和性暴力，在美国构成了严重的公共卫生问题。根据 CDC 2010 年全国亲密伴侣和性暴力调查，超过三分之一的女性和超过四分之一的男性表示曾经经历过 IPV。研究支持了许多主要与女性受害相关的风险因素，包括：社会人口变量、性风险行为、吸毒、过去的虐待等，以及受虐待男性特有的风险因素的新证据，包括性别期望、耻辱和不良的社会支持。关于吸毒与 IPV 之间关系的文献表明，男性、女性和夫妻吸毒者中甲基苯丙胺 (meth) 的使用与 IPV 独立相关。使用冰毒与判断力受损、决策能力差和性关系能力 (SRP) 差有关，所有这些都会导致性危险行为增加，从而导致艾滋病毒感染。权力被定义为一个多维概念，涉及资源分配的一定程度的不平等，并体现在一个人的个人控制力和影响他人行为的能力上。虽然在 IPV 研究中权力最常以 SRP 的形式概念化，但最近的研究记录了社会和结构权力来源在预测 HIV 和 IPV 风险中的作用。拟议项目的具体目标是定量地：1) 评估 HIV 阴性、异性恋吸食冰毒的女性和男性中性关系权力 (SRP) 与 IPV 之间的关系，以及 2) 使用 2017 年进行的 HIV 行为干预研究 (FASTLANE2) 的现有数据集，检查与近期 IPV 相关的风险因素（例如社会人口统计学变量、SRP、安全套使用、吸毒）中的性别差异。 2001-2005。本研究还旨在定性地：3）描述个人、社会和结构层面的权力建构，以及这与 IPV 和性冒险之间的关系，以及 4) 描述冰毒使用背景下权力、IPV 和性冒险行为之间的关系。对于本研究的定性部分，我们将招募居住在圣地亚哥县的 60 名使用冰毒的异性恋男性和女性样本（30 名男性和 30 名女性）。参与者将被要求完成一项深度访谈，其中包括有关个人特征、吸毒、性危险行为、IPV 经历、关系中的权力以及邻里和社会支持特征的封闭式和开放式问题。这项研究将通过以下方式补充现有文献：1）探索与 IPV 相关的风险因素中的性别差异，2）描述个人、社会和结构层面的权力构建以及这如何影响 HIV 风险行为和 IPV； 3) 描述冰毒使用背景下权力、IPV 和性冒险之间的关系。这项工作的长期目标是为制定针对 IPV 和 HIV 特定风险因素的干预措施提供信息，包括吸食冰毒的男性和女性面临的权力薄弱和相关的性风险。