A Multidimensional Community-Based Strategy for Preventing Underage Drinking

预防未成年人饮酒的多维社区策略

• 批准号: 9115460
• 负责人: Anthony Biglan
• 金额: $ 67.5万
• 依托单位: OREGON RESEARCH INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-15 至 2019-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9115460
• 关键词: Accidental Injury; Address; Adolescent; Adoption; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcoholism; Alcohols; Automobile Driving; Burn injury; Cessation of life; Child; Communication; Communities; Community Practice; Community of Practice; Conflict (Psychology); Consumption; Data; Dependence; Development; Drowning; Elements; Evaluation; Family; Future; Health; Homicide; Injury; Institutes; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Interview; Law Enforcement; Legal; Life; Mediating; Minor; Monitor; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Oregon; Outcome; Parents; Pattern; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Policies; Prevention strategy; Preventive; Process; Randomized; Records; Reporting; Research; Research Infrastructure; Rewards; Risk Factors; Safety; Sales; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Smoking; Social Perception; Social Policies; Students; Suicide; Surveys; Testing; Time; United States; Vehicle crash; Violence; Youth; adolescent alcohol; alcohol availability; alcohol expectancy; alcohol related problem; base; behavioral outcome; community intervention; cost; design; deter alcohol use; drinking; driving under influence; early onset; eleventh grade; expectation; falls; intervention effect; novel; parental influence; peer influence; prevent; programs; psychosocial; public health priorities; randomized trial; reduce adolescent alcohol; sex; skills; social; therapy design; trafficking; twelfth grade; underage drinker; underage drinking; underage drinking prevention; unintended pregnancy; youth access to alcohol

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Preventing drinking among youth is a major public health priority. The estimated cost of underage drinking in the U.S. is $61.9 billion annually (Miller, Levy, Spicer, & Taylor, 2006). Alcohol is the most commonly used and abused drug in the U.S., with 41% reporting use in the past 30 days (Johnston, O'Malley, Bachman, & Schulenberg, 2012). Underage persons who drink are likely to drink large amounts (Flewelling, Paschall, & Ringwalt, 2004). Drinking by young people results in as many as 5,000 deaths from motor vehicle crashes, homicides, suicide, and other injuries (Hingson & Kenkel, 2004; National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 2008; National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse, 2007). This project will build on a just-completed experimental evaluation of a community intervention to reduce adolescent access to alcohol (Flewelling et al., 2012). In that study, 36 Oregon communities were randomly assigned to receive or not receive stepped up enforcement of laws regarding sale of alcohol to minors plus a program for rewarding clerks for not selling to minors. The intervention reduced youth access to alcohol. Also, communities that achieved high levels of enforcement and rewards had lower rates of youth use. However, the intervention did little to alter social influences to drink. We believe that the addition of interventions designed to mobilize peer and parent influences would alter risk factors for alcohol use that are not adequately addressed by policy interventions. Therefore, the project would evaluate a strengthened intervention that (a) increases the level of enforcement and rewards for not selling and (b) adds youth activities and family communications that have been shown to enhance social influences. Based on recent research on the value of associating not smoking with social acceptance (Gordon, Biglan, & Smolkowski, 2008), we believe that a novel peer influence intervention that associates not drinking with social acceptance can have a greater deterrent effect than interventions using more traditional harm-related and refusal skills approaches. In addition, our research has identified a brief, positive parent communication activity that does not require significant classroom time, minimizes parent-child conflict, and effectively conveys parental expectations (Biglan et al., 1996). We propose to evaluate the intervention in a randomized trial involving 36 communities. We will assess the impact of the intervention through purchase surveys, surveys of 8th- and 11th-grade students, and law enforcement records.

描述（由申请人提供）：防止青少年饮酒是一项重要的公共卫生优先事项。据估计，美国未成年人饮酒每年造成的损失为 619 亿美元（Miller、Levy、Spicer 和 Taylor，2006 年）。酒精是美国最常用和滥用的药物，41% 的人报告在过去 30 天内使用过酒精（Johnston、O'Malley、Bachman 和 Schulenberg，2012 年）。饮酒的未成年人可能会大量饮酒（Flewelling、Paschall 和 Ringwalt，2004 年）。年轻人饮酒导致多达 5,000 人死于机动车碰撞、凶杀、自杀和其他伤害（Hingson & Kenkel，2004 年；国家公路交通安全管理局，2008 年；国家酒精中毒和酒精滥用研究所，2007 年）。该项目将以刚刚完成的社区干预实验评估为基础，以减少青少年接触酒精的机会（Flewelling 等人，2012 年）。在这项研究中，俄勒冈州的 36 个社区被随机分配接受或不接受有关向未成年人出售酒类的加强执法以及奖励不向未成年人出售酒类的店员的计划。干预措施减少了青少年接触酒精的机会。此外，执行力度和奖励水平较高的社区，青少年的使用率较低。然而，干预措施对改变饮酒的社会影响作用甚微。我们认为，增加旨在调动同伴和家长影响的干预措施将改变政策干预措施未能充分解决的饮酒风险因素。因此，该项目将评估强化干预措施，即（a）提高执法水平和对不出售物品的奖励；（b）增加已被证明可以增强社会影响力的青少年活动和家庭沟通。根据最近关于将不吸烟与社会接受度联系起来的价值的研究（Gordon、Biglan 和 Smolkowski，2008 年），我们认为，将不吸烟与社会接受度联系起来的新颖同伴影响干预措施比使用更传统的伤害相关和拒绝技能方法的干预措施具有更大的威慑作用。此外，我们的研究还发现了一种简短、积极的家长沟通活动，不需要大量的课堂时间，可以最大限度地减少亲子冲突，并有效地传达家长的期望(Biglan et al., 1996)。我们建议通过一项涉及 36 个社区的随机试验来评估干预措施。我们将通过购买调查、对 8 年级和 11 年级学生的调查以及执法记录来评估干预措施的影响。