Bioeconomic linkages between efficient meat production and reproductive fitness in meat-type chickens

肉鸡高效肉类生产与繁殖适应性之间的生物经济联系

• 批准号: 349025-2006
• 负责人: Robinson, Frank
• 金额: $ 1.81万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Research Partnership
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2006-01-01 至 2007-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=323583
• 关键词: Bioeconomic; linkages; between; efficient; meat

This program focuses on optimizing the genetic and environmental influences on the broiler chicken production continuum from commercial pureline genotypes, through parent stock production, incubation, broiler growth and meat yield dynamics.  The approach employed is to characterize commercial products in terms of reproductive fitness (egg production, egg quality, feed efficiency), incubation physiology (residual  yolk utilization and chick quality), broiler chicken growth rate, feed efficiency, breast muscle yield, muscle biology, carcass composition) and ultimately link the biology of the bird to commercially valuable traits in the whole bird, and further processed.  Commercial breeding companies benefit through our physiological approaches used to identify selection criteria, based on intensive individual bird characterization.   The program directly aids the Canadian broiler chicken supply chain by providing decision support to the hatching egg, broiler, and meat processing industries. The overall objective of this study is to link broiler white and dark meat production efficiency with parent stock efficiency. This proposal encompasses broiler breeder and broiler trials and is unique in its comprehensive characterization of individual birds. Broiler chick quality, growth, nutrient efficiency, and yield will be linked with maternal efficiency. The breeder trials will shed more light on "ideal" target body weight curves, and the contribution of very finely tuned nutrient management to breeder efficiency. Characterization of muscle biology, yield and growth efficiency of broilers from efficient and inefficient parents is a breakthrough in selection criteria with large beneficial impact on the value-added broiler industry. Novel analytical techniques developed by this research team will be deployed to identify these linkages at the individual hen level - a level of resolution not achieved to date.

该项目的重点是优化遗传和环境对肉鸡生产连续体的影响，从商业纯系基因型，通过亲本生产，孵化，肉鸡生长和产肉量动态。所采用的方法是根据生殖适合度来表征商业产品（产蛋量、蛋品质、饲料效率）、孵化生理（剩余蛋黄利用率和雏鸡品质）、肉鸡生长速度、饲料效率、胸肌产量、肌肉生物学、胴体组成），并最终将鸟类的生物学特性与整只鸟的商业价值性状联系起来，并进行进一步加工。商业育种公司通过我们的生理学方法受益，该方法基于密集的个体鸟类特征来确定选择标准。 该计划通过为孵化鸡蛋，肉鸡和肉类加工行业提供决策支持，直接帮助加拿大肉鸡供应链。本研究的总体目标是将肉鸡白色肉和深色肉生产效率与母体效率联系起来。该提案包括肉鸡育种和肉鸡试验，并且在其对个体鸟类的全面表征方面是独一无二的。肉仔鸡的质量、生长、营养效率和产量将与母体效率相关。育种试验将进一步阐明“理想”目标体重曲线，以及非常精细的营养管理对育种效率的贡献。对高效和低效亲本肉鸡的肌肉生物学、产量和生长效率的表征是选择标准的一个突破，对肉鸡产业的增值产生了巨大的有益影响。该研究团队开发的新分析技术将用于在个体母鸡水平上识别这些联系-迄今为止尚未达到的分辨率水平。