Explosive subaqueous eruptions: edifices and deposits

爆炸性水下喷发：建筑物和沉积物

• 批准号: 1912-2006
• 负责人: Mueller, Wulf
• 金额: $ 2.33万
• 依托单位: Université du Québec à Chicoutimi
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2006-01-01 至 2007-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=332470
• 关键词: Explosive; subaqueous; eruptions; edifices; deposits

The four-year research grant entitled "Explosive subaqueous eruptions: edifices and deposits" is a process-oriented study concerning ancient subaqueous eruptions and their volcanoes. The applicable part of the study will use the observed pyroclastic deposit organization to vector possible polymetalic volcanic massive sulfide deposits that are inherent to ancient subaqueous volcanoes. The study areas include the Archean (ca. 2.7 Ga) Blake River Group of the Abitibi greenstone belt, Quebec, the 2.9 Ga Steep Rocks area  Wabigoon Subprovince, Ontario, and the Tertiary Oamaru volcanic complex, South Island, New Zealand. Major emphasis is placed on identifying and characterizing primary subaqueous pyroclastic rocks and differentiating them form their reworked counterparts. The type of eruptions studied are large- to moderate-volume pyroclastic flows and fallout deposits commonly associated with calderas, which are volcanic collapse structures, and small-volume fountaining and Surtseyan eruptions emanating from cinder and pyroclastic cones. The fact that these volcanic edifices occur under water allow us to better understand how subaqueous explosions form and distribute. The principal transport process is that of sediment gravity flows, in which the surrounding medium water plays a prominent role. The three prevalent types of explosive products are pyroclastic flow, fall and surge, with the latter probably not possible in the subaqueous realm. The students will be directly funded from this research project, which consists of one PhD and two MSc-level theses. Students will use basic mapping techniques but also use detailed facies analysis to identify the various rocks suites over a period of 1-3 months per year in the field. The student stipendium and field logistics represent the major costs of this research project.

这项为期四年的研究补助金题为“爆炸性水下喷发：建筑物和沉积物”，是一项有关古代水下喷发及其火山的面向过程的研究。该研究的适用部分将利用观察到的火山碎屑矿床组织来引导古代水下火山固有的可能的多金属火山块状硫化物矿床。研究区域包括魁北克省阿比蒂比绿岩带的太古宙（约 2.7 Ga）布莱克河群、安大略省瓦比贡副省的 2.9 Ga 陡岩区以及新西兰南岛的第三纪奥马鲁火山群。主要重点是识别和表征原生水下火山碎屑岩，并将它们与改造后的对应物区分开来。研究的喷发类型是大到中等体积的火山碎屑流和沉降物沉积物，通常与破火山口（火山塌陷结构）相关，以及从煤渣和火山碎屑锥中喷出的小体积喷泉和苏尔特赛恩喷发。这些火山建筑物发生在水下的事实使我们能够更好地了解水下爆炸是如何形成和分布的。主要输送过程是泥沙重力流，其中周围介质水起着突出的作用。三种常见的爆炸产物类型是火山碎屑流、坠落和涌动，后者在水下领域可能是不可能的。学生将直接从该研究项目获得资助，该项目包括一篇博士论文和两篇硕士论文。学生将使用基本的绘图技术，但也会使用详细的相分析来识别每年 1-3 个月的野外各种岩石套件。学生津贴和现场后勤是该研究项目的主要成本。