Explosive subaqueous eruptions: edifices and deposits

爆炸性水下喷发：建筑物和沉积物

• 批准号: 1912-2006
• 负责人: Mueller, Wulf
• 金额: $ 2.33万
• 依托单位: Université du Québec à Chicoutimi
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2007-01-01 至 2008-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=364810
• 关键词: Explosive; subaqueous; eruptions; edifices; deposits

The four-year research grant entitled "Explosive subaqueous eruptions: edifices and deposits" is a process-oriented study concerning ancient subaqueous eruptions and their volcanoes. The applicable part of the study will use the observed pyroclastic deposit organization to vector possible polymetalic volcanic massive sulfide deposits that are inherent to ancient subaqueous volcanoes. The study areas include the Archean (ca. 2.7 Ga) Blake River Group of the Abitibi greenstone belt, Quebec, the 2.9 Ga Steep Rocks area  Wabigoon Subprovince, Ontario, and the Tertiary Oamaru volcanic complex, South Island, New Zealand. Major emphasis is placed on identifying and characterizing primary subaqueous pyroclastic rocks and differentiating them form their reworked counterparts. The type of eruptions studied are large- to moderate-volume pyroclastic flows and fallout deposits commonly associated with calderas, which are volcanic collapse structures, and small-volume fountaining and Surtseyan eruptions emanating from cinder and pyroclastic cones. The fact that these volcanic edifices occur under water allow us to better understand how subaqueous explosions form and distribute. The principal transport process is that of sediment gravity flows, in which the surrounding medium water plays a prominent role. The three prevalent types of explosive products are pyroclastic flow, fall and surge, with the latter probably not possible in the subaqueous realm. The students will be directly funded from this research project, which consists of one PhD and two MSc-level theses. Students will use basic mapping techniques but also use detailed facies analysis to identify the various rocks suites over a period of 1-3 months per year in the field. The student stipendium and field logistics represent the major costs of this research project.

为期四年的研究补助金题为“水下爆炸性喷发：建筑物和沉积物”，是一项关于古代水下喷发及其火山的面向过程的研究。该研究的适用部分将利用观察到的火山碎屑存款组织来引导可能的多金属火山块状硫化物存款，这是古代水下火山所固有的。研究领域包括太古代（CA。2.7魁北克Abitibi绿岩带的Blake河群、安大略瓦比贡亚省2.9 Ga的陡岩区和新西兰南岛第三纪的奥马鲁火山杂岩。主要重点放在识别和表征原生水下火山碎屑岩，并区分它们的改造对应物。所研究的喷发类型是大到中等体积的火山碎屑流和沉降物沉积，通常与火山口有关，火山口是火山塌陷结构，小体积的喷泉和Surtseyan喷发来自火山碎屑锥和火山碎屑锥。这些火山建筑物发生在水下的事实使我们能够更好地了解水下爆炸的形成和分布。主要的输运过程是沉积物重力流，其中周围介质水起着突出的作用。爆炸产物的三种主要类型是火山碎屑流、下落和涌动，后者在水下可能不可能发生。学生将直接从这个研究项目，其中包括一个博士和两个硕士学位论文资助。学生将使用基本的绘图技术，但也使用详细的相分析，以确定在该领域每年1-3个月的各种岩石套件。学生津贴和现场后勤代表了这个研究项目的主要成本。