Supramolecular Nanostructured and Liquid Crystalline Polymer Materials and films

超分子纳米结构和液晶聚合物材料和薄膜

• 批准号: 109420-2007
• 负责人: Bazuin, Géraldine
• 金额: $ 4.01万
• 依托单位: Université de Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2007-01-01 至 2008-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=363517
• 关键词: Supramolecular; Nanostructured; Liquid; Crystalline; Polymer

Nanotechnology necessitates the ability to construct very precise nanostructures or nano-objects with well-defined shapes, sizes, and long-range order, as well as specific responsiveness to external stimuli such as light and temperature.  One of the most important methods to achieve this is by the self-assembly of appropriately designed molecules.  This is the approach privileged by nature, giving very complex but exquisitely designed biological structures having highly sophisticated functions. For materials scientists, two types of molecules that self-assemble in specific ways are liquid crystals and block copolymers, giving nano- and meso-structured materials, respectively.  These are thus ideal starting materials for the design of complex man-made nanostructures.  We have previously pioneered in "marrying" liquid crystals and polymers through supramolecular chemistry - i.e. by directing the assembly of the two components (building blocks) via specific non-covalent interactions.  This is an extremely versatile approach for tailoring the specific properties of the material for specific purposes, including for the incorporation of stimuli-responsive functions.  We will now combine block copolymers and stimuli-sensitive liquid crystals via the supramolecular approach for the purpose of obtaining novel "intelligent" materials with hierarchical structure (i.e. periodicity on several lengthscales, nano and meso) and with specific function associated with one or more of the structural levels.  In practice, many high-technology applications - ranging from active nanodevices (e.g. high-throughput biosensors) to nanoporous filtration membranes to nanopatterned templates (for depositing other desired materials such as metals, electroactive molecules or biomolecules) - require polymers to be in the form of thin and ultrathin films characterized by specific, well-ordered nanopatterns.  Block copolymers are again ideal for this purpose.  Using the supramolecular approach, we will combine block copolymers with small molecules, including liquid crystalline and stimuli-responsive ones, to learn to direct, fine-tune, and manipulate the patterns obtained and to understand the underlying principles.

纳米技术要求我们有能力构建非常精确的纳米结构或纳米物体，这些纳米结构或纳米物体具有明确的形状、尺寸和长程有序性，以及对外部刺激（如光和温度）的特定响应。实现这一目标的最重要方法之一是通过适当设计的分子的自组装。这是自然界特有的方法，产生非常复杂但设计精巧的具有高度复杂功能的生物结构。对于材料科学家来说，有两种类型的分子可以以特定的方式自组装，它们是液晶和嵌段共聚物，它们可以产生纳米和介观结构的材料，因此，它们是设计复杂的人造纳米结构的理想起始材料。我们以前曾率先通过超分子化学将液晶和聚合物“结合”，即通过指导两种组分的组装，这是一种非常通用的方法，用于针对特定目的定制材料的特定性质，我们现在将通过超分子方法将联合收割机嵌段共聚物和刺激敏感性液晶结合起来，以获得具有分级结构的新型“智能”材料在实践中，许多高技术应用--从有源纳米器件到纳米器件，（例如高通量生物传感器）到纳米多孔过滤膜到纳米图案化模板（用于沉积其它所需材料如金属、电活性分子或生物分子）-要求聚合物为薄膜和可渗透膜的形式，嵌段共聚物也是这方面的理想材料。利用超分子方法，我们将联合收割机与小分子结合，包括液晶和刺激响应性分子，以学习指导、微调和操纵所获得的图案，并理解其基本原理。