Lidar measurements of aerosol impacts, transport and mixing on Earth and Mars

达尔豪斯大学的大气光学实验室建立并使用激光雷达系统进行大气研究。我们的计划分为三个主要项目：1)达尔豪斯拉曼激光雷达观测污染和森林火灾引起的大陆流出。气溶胶被用作大气运动的被动示踪剂，并在模型的帮助下进行解释，以深入了解运输和混合过程。2)作为加拿大大气变化探测网络（CANDAC）的一部分，在国际极地年（IPY）期间及以后将在尤里卡的高北极地区进行大气研究。一种新的激光雷达正在建造中，用于研究云、气溶胶和水蒸气对辐射环境的影响，这是气候问题的核心。3)将于2008年在火星上发射激光雷达的“凤凰号火星侦察兵”项目。这些测量将提供关于火星大气中气溶胶和云层垂直分布的独特“首次”信息。达尔豪斯拉曼激光雷达是从零开始建造的，然后在过去的两年里用于观测。这些测量结果强调了从遥远来源输送的污染事件的规律性，以及森林火灾向对流层高空注入的气溶胶。我们建议通过增加水汽剖面功能来升级激光雷达，这将提供边界层和对流层顶高度发生的情况的更清晰的图像。来自夏季密集测量活动的数据将借助FLEXPART拉格朗日粒子色散模型进行解释。尤里卡的新激光雷达将基于我们在Dalhousie拉曼激光雷达上的经验，并将具有更广泛的功能。这项工作将需要前往北极，并为CANDAC云、气溶胶和辐射主题做出贡献。学生将参与到这些活动的方方面面。

The Atmospheric-Optics Laboratory at Dalhousie University builds and uses lidar (laser radar) systems for atmospheric research.  Our programme is divided into three main projects: 1) The Dalhousie Raman Lidar observes continental outflow from pollution and forest fires.  The aerosols are used as passive tracers of atmospheric motions and are interpreted with the help of models to gain insight into transport and mixing processes.  2) Atmospheric research will be pursued in the High Arctic at Eureka during the International Polar Year (IPY) and beyond as part of the Canadian Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Change (CANDAC).  A new lidar is being built to study the impact of clouds, aerosols, and water vapour on the radiative environment, which is central to the climate problem.  3) The Phoenix Mars Scout project that will land a lidar on Mars in 2008.  These measurements will provide unique "first-time" information on the vertical distribution of aerosols and clouds in the Martian atmosphere. The Dalhousie Raman Lidar was built from scratch and then used for observations over the past two years.  The measurements have highlighted the regular occurrence of pollution episodes transported from distant sources, and also the injection of aerosols high into the troposphere by forest fires.  We propose to upgrade the lidar by the adding a water vapour profiling capability, which will provide a clearer picture of what is happening in the boundary layer and at tropopause heights.  Data from intensive summertime measurement campaigns will be interpreted with the aid of the FLEXPART Lagrangian particle dispersion model.  Construction of the new lidar for Eureka will be based on our experiences with the Dalhousie Raman lidar, and will have a more extensive set of capabilities.  The work will require travel to the Arctic and contributions to the CANDAC Clouds, Aerosols and Radiation Theme.  Students will be involved in every facet of each of these activities.