Modelling physical processes in the atmospheric and oceanic boundary layers for use in general circulation models (GCMs)

拟议的研究计划是正在进行的研究的延续，以参数化的物理过程在大气中使用的全球气候模式（GCM）。这些GCM用于预测气候和天气模式，包括气候变化，如全球变暖现象。然而，这些模式能够准确预测观测到的气候的程度在很大程度上取决于它们是否有能力真实有效地表示决定大气环流的各种物理过程之间的复杂相互作用。本研究的目标是为这些过程开发基于物理的参数化，以使它们更准确，更计算效率，从而更具有成本效益。拟议的研究包括以下物理过程的参数化。1.热量、水分和动量从地球表面层转移到大气边界层，大气边界层构成对流层的最低部分，直接受到地球表面的影响。本文的研究重点将是稳定和自由对流的近地面层.大气边界层的湍流结构及其与近地面层的相互作用。这里的主要焦点将是稳定的和自由的对流边界层。将探讨各种形式的质量通量方法。边界层云的形成和云的结构将采用统计方法。重点将是发展一个广义的多参数分布函数的云守恒变量。大气-海洋相互作用，特别是在大风条件下。 5.动量输运过程的主要焦点是考虑非定域行为。

The proposed research program is a continuation of ongoing research to parameterize the physical processes in the atmosphere for use in Global Climate Models (GCMs). These GCMs are used to predict climate and weather patterns including climate changes such as the phenomenon of global warming. However, the degree to which these models can accurately predict the observed climate is highly dependent upon their ability to realistically and efficiently represent the complex interaction between the various physical processes that determine the general circulation of the atmosphere. The goal of this research is to develop physically based parameterizations for these processes in order to make them more accurate, more computationally efficient and therefore more cost-effective.The proposed research includes the parameterization of the following physical processes.1. Heat, moisture and momentum transfer from the earth's surface layer to the atmospheric boundary layer which, constitute the lowest part of the troposphere that is directly affected by the presence of earth's surface. The focus of this research will be the stable and the free convective surface layer.2. The turbulence structure of the atmospheric boundary layer and its interaction with the surface layer. The main focus here will be the stable and the free convective boundary layer. Various forms of the mass-flux approach will be explored.3. Boundary layer cloud formation and cloud structure where a statistical approach would be utilized. The focus will be on developing a generalized multi-parameter distribution function for cloud-conserved variables.4. Atmosphere-ocean interactions, particularly in high wind conditions.  5. Momentum transport processes with the main focus of accounting for nonlocal behaviour.