Modelling physical processes in the atmospheric and oceanic boundary layers for use in general circulation models (GCMs)

拟议的研究计划是正在进行的大气物理过程参数化研究的延续，以用于全球气候模式（GCMs）。这些gcm用于预测气候和天气模式，包括气候变化，如全球变暖现象。然而，这些模式能在多大程度上准确地预测观测到的气候，在很大程度上取决于它们能否真实而有效地表示决定大气总环流的各种物理过程之间复杂的相互作用。这项研究的目标是为这些过程开发基于物理的参数化，以使它们更准确，更计算效率更高，因此更具成本效益。提出的研究包括以下物理过程的参数化。热量、水分和动量从地球表层转移到大气边界层，构成对流层的最低部分，直接受地球表面的存在影响。本文的研究重点是稳定对流面层和自由对流面层。大气边界层湍流结构及其与表层的相互作用。这里的主要焦点是稳定的和自由的对流边界层。我们将探讨质量通量法的各种形式。边界层云的形成和云的结构，其中将使用统计方法。重点将放在为云守恒变量开发一个广义的多参数分布函数上。大气-海洋的相互作用，特别是在大风条件下。5. 动量输运过程的主要重点是非局部行为的会计。

The proposed research program is a continuation of ongoing research to parameterize the physical processes in the atmosphere for use in Global Climate Models (GCMs). These GCMs are used to predict climate and weather patterns including climate changes such as the phenomenon of global warming. However, the degree to which these models can accurately predict the observed climate is highly dependent upon their ability to realistically and efficiently represent the complex interaction between the various physical processes that determine the general circulation of the atmosphere. The goal of this research is to develop physically based parameterizations for these processes in order to make them more accurate, more computationally efficient and therefore more cost-effective.The proposed research includes the parameterization of the following physical processes.1. Heat, moisture and momentum transfer from the earth's surface layer to the atmospheric boundary layer which, constitute the lowest part of the troposphere that is directly affected by the presence of earth's surface. The focus of this research will be the stable and the free convective surface layer.2. The turbulence structure of the atmospheric boundary layer and its interaction with the surface layer. The main focus here will be the stable and the free convective boundary layer. Various forms of the mass-flux approach will be explored.3. Boundary layer cloud formation and cloud structure where a statistical approach would be utilized. The focus will be on developing a generalized multi-parameter distribution function for cloud-conserved variables.4. Atmosphere-ocean interactions, particularly in high wind conditions.  5. Momentum transport processes with the main focus of accounting for nonlocal behaviour.