Studies in theoretical space physics

理论空间物理研究

• 批准号: 621-2006
• 负责人: Summers, Danny
• 金额: $ 3.55万
• 依托单位: Memorial University of Newfoundland
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2008-01-01 至 2009-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=388312
• 关键词: Studies; theoretical; space; physics

This proposal addresses physical processes in the region of near-Earth space called the magnetosphere, which is the magnetic cavity surrounding the Earth that is produced in the solar wind by the Earth's magnetic field.  The magnetosphere is of rising importance to society.  Increased occupation (e.g., space stations) and use (e.g., communications satellites) of near-Earth space by humans, and our increasing need for space weather information point to the necessity for understanding the behaviour of the magnetosphere.  Microphysical processes are studied with a view to understanding how charged particles interact with observed magnetosphere waves.  A particular problem addressed is the generation of energetic ('killer') electrons in the inner magnetosphere during disturbed conditions known as magnetic storms.  These electrons can cause satellite malfunctions and disrupt power grids on Earth.  The new science of space weather seeks to describe the state of the space environment and to forecast severe conditions such as geomagnetic storms.  Computer modeling and mathematical analysis are used to study wave-particle interactions in space plasmas.  Models are constructed using particle and energy data from satellite-borne instruments, and the model solutions are likewise tested against observational data.  The proposal is intended not only to advance our basic scientific knowledge of the magnetosphere, but also to advance magnetospheric physics as a predictive science and so benefit society in a broader sense.

这一提议涉及近地空间区域的物理过程，称为磁层，磁层是地球磁场在太阳风中产生的环绕地球的磁腔。磁层对社会的重要性日益增加。空间站）和使用（例如，通信卫星）的近地空间的人类，以及我们对空间天气信息日益增长的需求，都表明有必要了解磁层的行为。为了了解带电粒子如何与观测到的磁层波相互作用，对微物理过程进行了研究。其中一个特别的问题是高能粒子的产生，（'杀手'）在被称为磁暴的扰动条件下，内磁层中的电子。这些电子可能导致卫星故障，并破坏地球上的电网。新的太空天气科学试图描述太空环境的状态，预测地磁暴等恶劣条件。计算机建模和数学分析用于研究空间等离子体中的波粒相互作用。模型是利用来自卫星仪器的粒子和能量数据构建的，模型解同样根据观测数据进行检验。该提议不仅旨在提高我们对磁层的基本科学知识，而且还可以推动磁层物理学作为一种预测科学，从而在更广泛的意义上造福社会。