Studies in theoretical space physics

理论空间物理研究

• 批准号: 621-2011
• 负责人: Summers, Danny
• 金额: $ 2.7万
• 依托单位: Memorial University of Newfoundland
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=507501
• 关键词: Studies; theoretical; space; physics

This proposal addresses physical processes in the region of near-Earth space called the magnetosphere, which is the magnetic cavity surrounding the Earth that is produced in the solar wind by the Earth's magnetic field. The magnetosphere is of rising importance to society. Increased occupation (e.g., space stations) and use (e.g., communications satellites) of near-Earth space by humans, and our increasing need for space weather information point to the necessity for understanding the behaviour of the magnetosphere. Microphysical processes are studied with a view to understanding how charged particles interact with observed magnetospheric waves. A particular problem to be addressed is the generation of energetic (`killer') electrons in the inner magnetosphere during disturbed conditions known as magnetic storms. These electrons can cause satellite malfunctions, and magnetic storms can disrupt power grids on Earth. The new science of space weather seeks to describe the state of the space environment and to forecast severe conditions such as geomagnetic storms. Computer modeling and mathematical analysis will be used to study wave-particle interactions in space plasmas. Models will be constructed using particle and wave data from satellite-borne instruments, and the model solutions will likewise be tested against observational data. The proposal is intended not only to advance our basic scientific knowledge of the magnetosphere, but also to advance magnetospheric physics as a predictive science and so benefit society in a broader sense.

这项提议涉及被称为磁层的近地空间区域的物理过程，磁层是围绕地球的磁空穴，由地球磁场在太阳风中产生。磁层对社会的重要性与日俱增。人类对近地空间的占用(例如空间站)和使用(例如通信卫星)的增加，以及我们对空间气象信息的需求日益增加，表明有必要了解磁层的行为。研究微物理过程是为了了解带电粒子如何与观测到的磁层波相互作用。需要解决的一个特别问题是，在被称为磁暴的扰动条件下，在内部磁层中产生高能(“杀手”)电子。这些电子可能导致卫星故障，而磁暴可能会扰乱地球上的电网。新的空间气象科学寻求描述空间环境的状态，并预测地磁风暴等严重条件。计算机建模和数学分析将用于研究空间等离子体中的波-粒子相互作用。模型将使用来自卫星仪器的粒子和波数据来构建，模型解决方案也将与观测数据进行同样的测试。这项提议不仅是为了增进我们对磁层的基本科学知识，而且也是为了促进磁层物理学作为一门预测性科学，从而在更广泛的意义上造福社会。