The role of pharmacotherapy in prevention of relapse in alcohol dependence

药物治疗在预防酒精依赖复发中的作用

• 批准号: nhmrc : 211177
• 负责人: A/Pr James Bell
• 金额: $ 28.16万
• 依托单位国家: 澳大利亚
• 项目类别: NHMRC Project Grants
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 澳大利亚
• 起止时间: 2002-01-01 至 2004-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://researchdata.edu.au/role-pharmacotherapy-prevention-alcohol-dependence/80904
• 关键词: role; pharmacotherapy; prevention; relapse; alcohol

The physical, psychological and social consequences of alcohol abuse remain a critical health problem. Every year in Australia, excessive consumption is responsible for 3,000-6,000 deaths and costs the community $6 billion. Approximately 15% of Australians abuse alcohol and 5% of men and 3% of women are alcohol dependent (addicted to alcohol). Young men are particularly affected, with 10% of all men aged 18-35 dependent on alcohol. Better treatment for alcohol dependence is urgently needed. Less severe forms of alcohol abuse frequently respond to brief screening and intervention programs. Treatment of alcohol dependence remains unsatisfactory. Most treatments lead to abstinence in only 1-3, and approximately 50% of these will relapse within 3 months of completing treatment. Two drugs (naltrexone and acamprosate) appear to interfere with the effects of alcohol on the brain that promote addiction. There is evidence that both drugs are beneficial in the treatment of alcohol dependence and both are now available in Australia. At present, no data have been reported comparing the effectiveness of these two drugs. The proposed project will compare naltrexone and acamprosate in a large carefully performed study. The study will help determine which subjects are likely to benefit from one or other of these agents. Compliance is a major problem with many medications, but is a particular problem with medications for substance abuse. The second aim of this study is to test a novel intervention to increase compliance with medications for alcohol dependent subjects. This intervention comprises 'compliance therapy', which resembles a short training course, a medication alarm, and an assertive reminder program for scheduled medical appointments. The present study will be the first to apply this type of therapy to subjects with alcohol dependence.

酗酒的生理、心理和社会后果仍然是一个严重的健康问题。在澳大利亚，每年过度消费导致3000至6000人死亡，社会损失60亿美元。大约15%的澳大利亚人滥用酒精，5%的男性和3%的女性有酒精依赖（酒精成瘾）。年轻男性受影响尤其严重，18-35岁男性中有10%依赖酒精。迫切需要更好地治疗酒精依赖。不太严重的酒精滥用形式经常对简短的筛查和干预计划作出反应。对酒精依赖的治疗仍然不能令人满意。大多数治疗仅导致1-3例戒断，其中约50%将在完成治疗后3个月内复发。两种药物（纳洛酮和阿坎酸）似乎可以干扰酒精对大脑的影响，从而促进成瘾。有证据表明，这两种药物对治疗酒精依赖都有好处，现在澳大利亚都有。目前，还没有数据报告比较这两种药物的有效性。拟议的项目将比较纳洛酮和阿坎酸在一个大的仔细进行的研究。这项研究将有助于确定哪些受试者可能从这些药物中的一种或另一种中获益。依从性是许多药物的主要问题，但对于药物滥用药物来说是一个特别的问题。本研究的第二个目的是测试一种新的干预措施，以增加酒精依赖受试者对药物的依从性。这种干预包括“依从性治疗”，类似于短期培训课程，药物警报和定期医疗预约的自信提醒程序。本研究将是第一个将这种类型的治疗应用于酒精依赖的受试者。