Studies of catalytic reactors

催化反应器的研究

• 批准号: 6068-2008
• 负责人: Hudgins, Robert
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2008-01-01 至 2009-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=389269
• 关键词: Studies; catalytic; reactors

Novel Processes for Hydrogen Production and Purification: Our primary objective in this program already in place is to investigate novel processes for production of high-purity, high-pressure hydrogen for use in fuel cells. Our interest has been in high-pressure operation which promises significant savings by pressurizing liquid precursors and conducting the entire dehydrogenation and purification under increased pressure instead of having to pressurizing the gaseous hydrogen produced from conventional processes near atmospheric pressure. In this way, the energy (or work) of compressing the hydrogen product is saved. In my chemical reactor engineering laboratory, I have recently directed studies on the steam reforming of ethanol and in a novel process built on a cycle between ethanol and acetaldehyde that converts synthesis gas into hydrogen with virtually no further purification of the hydrogen. For these studies, a highly automated high-pressure reactor system has been designed and built. Steam reforming of ethanol has been directed at finding an attractive catalyst. In research recently completed, we have thoroughly characterized these catalysts and also studied loss of performance with time on stream. Our work confirms that 1) the dehydrogenation of ethanol to form hydrogen and acetaldehyde proceeds rapidly at 300°C with high selectivity and 2) acetaldehyde is easily hydrogenated to ethanol at 250°C on Cu-based catalysts. We now intend to find suitable catalysts for high-pressure operation in both the ethanol reforming and the acetaldehyde cycle. We will attempt to reproduce some earlier measurements at ambient pressure as a baseline for our high-pressure work. Initially, experiments will be extended to higher pressures (2 to 5 bar). For catalyst development, I propose to examine the use of Cu hydrotalcites as catalysts.

氢气生产和提纯的新工艺：我们在这个项目中的主要目标是研究用于燃料电池的高纯度、高压氢的生产新工艺。我们一直对高压操作感兴趣，它承诺通过对液体前体加压并在加压下进行整个脱氢和提纯来大幅节省成本，而不是不得不在大气压附近对传统工艺产生的气态氢进行加压。通过这种方式，节省了压缩氢气产品的能量(或功)。在我的化学反应堆工程实验室里，我最近指导了一项关于乙醇的水蒸气重整以及一种基于乙醇和乙醛之间循环的新工艺的研究，该工艺将合成气转化为氢气，而几乎不需要进一步提纯氢气。为了进行这些研究，设计并建造了一个高度自动化的高压反应堆系统。乙醇的水蒸气重整反应一直致力于寻找一种有吸引力的催化剂。在最近完成的研究中，我们对这些催化剂进行了彻底的表征，并研究了随着投产时间的延长而造成的性能损失。我们的工作证实：1)乙醇脱氢生成氢和乙醛的反应在300℃下进行得很快，选择性很高；2)乙醛在250℃时很容易加氢成乙醇。我们现在打算为乙醇重整和乙醛循环中的高压操作寻找合适的催化剂。我们将尝试复制一些在环境压力下的早期测量结果，作为我们高压工作的基线。最初，实验将扩展到更高的压力(2到5巴)。对于催化剂的开发，我建议研究铜水滑石作为催化剂的使用。