Studies of catalytic reactors

催化反应器的研究

• 批准号: 6068-2008
• 负责人: Hudgins, Robert
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2009-01-01 至 2010-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=420181
• 关键词: Studies; catalytic; reactors

Novel Processes for Hydrogen Production and Purification: Our primary objective in this program already in place is to investigate novel processes for production of high-purity, high-pressure hydrogen for use in fuel cells. Our interest has been in high-pressure operation which promises significant savings by pressurizing liquid precursors and conducting the entire dehydrogenation and purification under increased pressure instead of having to pressurizing the gaseous hydrogen produced from conventional processes near atmospheric pressure. In this way, the energy (or work) of compressing the hydrogen product is saved. In my chemical reactor engineering laboratory, I have recently directed studies on the steam reforming of ethanol and in a novel process built on a cycle between ethanol and acetaldehyde that converts synthesis gas into hydrogen with virtually no further purification of the hydrogen. For these studies, a highly automated high-pressure reactor system has been designed and built. Steam reforming of ethanol has been directed at finding an attractive catalyst. In research recently completed, we have thoroughly characterized these catalysts and also studied loss of performance with time on stream. Our work confirms that 1) the dehydrogenation of ethanol to form hydrogen and acetaldehyde proceeds rapidly at 300°C with high selectivity and 2) acetaldehyde is easily hydrogenated to ethanol at 250°C on Cu-based catalysts. We now intend to find suitable catalysts for high-pressure operation in both the ethanol reforming and the acetaldehyde cycle. We will attempt to reproduce some earlier measurements at ambient pressure as a baseline for our high-pressure work. Initially, experiments will be extended to higher pressures (2 to 5 bar). For catalyst development, I propose to examine the use of Cu hydrotalcites as catalysts.

氢气生产和纯化的新工艺：我们在该计划中的主要目标是研究用于燃料电池的高纯度，高压氢气的生产新工艺。我们的兴趣一直在高压操作中，通过加压液体前体并在增加的压力下进行整个脱氢和纯化，而不是必须将由常规方法产生的气态氢加压到接近大气压，从而保证显著的节省。以这种方式，节省了压缩氢产物的能量（或功）。在我的化学反应器工程实验室中，我最近指导了乙醇蒸汽重整的研究，以及一种基于乙醇和乙醛之间循环的新工艺，该工艺将合成气转化为氢气，几乎不需要进一步纯化氢气。为了进行这些研究，设计并建造了一个高度自动化的高压反应器系统。乙醇的蒸汽重整一直致力于寻找有吸引力的催化剂。在最近完成的研究中，我们对这些催化剂进行了彻底的表征，并研究了性能随时间的损失。我们的工作证实了1）乙醇脱氢形成氢气和乙醛在300°C下以高选择性快速进行，以及2）乙醛在250°C下在Cu基催化剂上容易地氢化成乙醇。我们现在打算找到合适的催化剂，用于乙醇重整和乙醛循环的高压操作。我们将尝试在环境压力下重现一些早期的测量结果，作为我们高压工作的基线。最初，实验将扩展到更高的压力（2至5巴）。对于催化剂的发展，我建议研究使用铜水滑石作为催化剂。