Application of environmental isotopes in contaminant hydrogeology

环境同位素在污染物水文地质学中的应用

• 批准号: 137988-2006
• 负责人: Aravena, Ramon
• 金额: $ 1.61万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2008-01-01 至 2009-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=391395
• 关键词: Application; environmental; isotopes; contaminant; hydrogeology

One of the major environmental concerns in water resources today is contamination of groundwater by organic compounds. This potential hazard for human health has generated major research efforts to better understand the behavior and fate of organic compounds in the subsurface and remediation technologies. One of the most problematic groundwater pollutant groups is the volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons that have been used as cleaners and degreasers by the dry cleaning and manufacturing industries over the last four decades. The complexities of the behavior of these compounds in groundwater justify the development of new tools that can be used to study these compounds in the subsurface. The incorporation of ethanol in gasoline is generated new potential environmental impact in groundwater. The aim of this project is to gain new insight into the application of environmental isotopes to evaluate the behavior, fate and remediation of chlorinated compounds and the effect of ethanol in BTEX plumes in groundwater. The project will focus on the application of 37Cl, which it is now possible to pursue due to new technological advances for compound specific Cl isotopes analysis developed at the University of Waterloo and 13C and 2H in petroleum hydrocarbons. The project includes two main phases: Isotopic fingerprinting methods will be evaluated for distinguishing sources of chlorinated compounds in groundwater. The isotope fingerprinting method has successfully been used for tracing sources of nitrate and sulfate in groundwater but has not fully been evaluated for chlorinated compounds. Laboratory and field experiments will be conducted to test the isotope approach as a tool to evaluate the fate (under natural and engineering conditions) of chlorinated solvents and petroleum hydrocarbons in the subsurface. A dual isotope approach is expected to facilitate the identification of transformation processes at complex sites with multiple sources. The receptors and beneficiaries of this research will be the consulting companies working in environmental assessments and remediation of contaminated sites with chlorinated compounds and petroleum hydrocarbons.

当今水资源的主要环境问题之一是有机化合物对地下水的污染。这种对人类健康的潜在危害已经产生了重大的研究努力，以更好地了解地下有机化合物的行为和命运以及修复技术。其中一个最有问题的地下水污染物组是挥发性氯代烃已被用作清洁剂和脱脂剂的干洗和制造业在过去的四十年。这些化合物在地下水中的行为的复杂性证明了开发可用于研究地下这些化合物的新工具的合理性。乙醇在汽油中的掺入对地下水产生了新的潜在环境影响。该项目的目的是获得新的见解，环境同位素的应用，以评估的行为，归宿和补救的氯化化合物和乙醇的BTEX羽流在地下水中的影响。该项目将侧重于37Cl的应用，由于滑铁卢大学开发的化合物特定Cl同位素分析和石油烃中的13C和2H的新技术进步，现在可以继续进行。该项目包括两个主要阶段：将评估同位素指纹法，以区分地下水中氯化化合物的来源。同位素指纹法已成功地用于追踪地下水中硝酸盐和硫酸盐的来源，但尚未对氯化物进行充分评价。将进行实验室和实地实验，以测试同位素方法作为评估氯化溶剂和石油碳氢化合物在地下的归宿（在自然和工程条件下）的工具。预计双同位素方法将有助于在具有多个来源的复杂地点确定转化过程。这项研究的接受者和受益者将是从事环境评估和修复受氯化化合物和石油碳氢化合物污染场地的咨询公司。