Durability of concrete

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In spite of developments in concrete technology, concrete in extreme environments continues to prematurely deteriorate. In part this results from inadequate specifications or construction methods, but it also results from a lack of understanding of all the factors which influence durability. The pore structure and resultant fluid penetration resistance of the cement paste matrix and paste-aggregate interfacial regions govern the durability of concrete to most causes of distress. In this proposal, these properties will continue to be studied with applications to resistance to: chloride ingress, reinforcement corrosion, freezing and thawing in the presence of de-icer salts, alkali-aggregate reactions, and sulphate resistance. Other aspects of durability such as crack resistance (to thermal and moisture related shrinkage) and improved durability- based performance specifications are also being studied.