The behaviour of metals in magmatic-hydrothermal systems

岩浆-热液系统中金属的行为

• 批准号: 203227-2007
• 负责人: Linnen, Robert
• 金额: $ 2.85万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2009-01-01 至 2010-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=423900
• 关键词: behaviour; metals; magmatic; hydrothermal; systems

Understanding the behaviour of metals in magmatic-hydrothermal systems is the key to deciphering the origin of many types of ore deposits. This understanding has improved dramatically in the last few years because of the development of laser ablation induced couple plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) analyses of metals in minerals, fluid inclusions and melts inclusions. The proposed research will take advantage of this technique to study 'rare-metal' (Ta-Nb-Sn-W-Mo) and precious metal (Pt-Pd-Au) ore deposits. The rare-metals are increasingly more important as new uses in electronics and specialty alloys are developed, and because of high prices, the interest in precious metals continues to be strong. It is necessary to better understand of the processes that concentrate these elements in order to improve exploration models. This will be accomplished by field investigations, where the abundances of the ore metals will be determined in fluid and melt inclusions. From these data the relative importance of magmatic versus hydrothermal processes will be evaluated. The field studies will also examine whether characteristic elements are concentrated in key minerals. The spatial and temporal relationships between these indicator minerals and mineralization will be characterized and applied to generating genetic models of ore deposits, and evaluating the use of indicator minerals to exploration of hydrothermal ore deposits. Complementary experimental studies will also be conducted. These include determining the diffusivity of Ta and solubility of tantalum minerals in granitic melts, and the use of synthetic fluid inclusions to study element partitioning, notably Au-As-Sb-Mo-W, between vapour and liquid phases of immiscible fluids.

了解金属在岩浆热液系统中的行为是破解许多类型矿床起源的关键。在过去的几年里，由于激光烧蚀诱导耦合等离子体质谱（LA-ICP-MS）分析矿物、流体包裹体和熔体包裹体中的金属的发展，这种理解有了显着的提高。该研究将利用该技术研究“稀有金属”（Ta-Nb-Sn-W-Mo）和贵金属（Pt-Pd-Au）矿床。随着电子产品和特种合金的新用途的开发，稀有金属的重要性越来越大，而且由于贵金属价格高，人们对贵金属的兴趣仍然很强。有必要更好地了解这些元素集中的过程，以改进勘探模型。这将通过实地调查来完成，其中矿石金属的丰度将在流体和熔体包裹体中确定。根据这些数据，将评估岩浆作用与热液作用的相对重要性。实地研究还将检查特征元素是否集中在关键矿物中。这些指示矿物与成矿作用之间的时空关系将被表征并应用于生成矿床成因模型，以及评估指示矿物在热液矿床勘探中的使用。还将进行补充实验研究。这些措施包括确定钽的扩散性和溶解度的钽矿物在花岗岩熔体中，和使用合成流体包裹体研究元素分配，特别是金砷锑钼钨，汽相和液相之间的不混溶流体。