High performance antenna array architectures

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As wireless communications systems have evolved and grown in complexity, so have the demands they place on the antenna which is a critical component of these systems. As such, antenna arrays are of major technological interest because of their ability to passively improve link gain, reduce interference, and dynamically adjust their radiation patterns in response to changes in the environment. However, implemented in their traditional form, antenna arrays are very costly in terms of the amount of hardware required, particularly in high gain antenna arrays utilizing many antenna elements. From a performance perspective, new research is needed to improve the gain, power-handling, and bandwidth of antenna arrays to meet the needs and economical constraints of new wireless systems.