How do TRIM21 and TRIM5? execute dual antiviral effector and signalling functions?

我们每天都会遇到数以百万计的潜在病原体，这些病原体必须被免疫系统检测并解除武装。最近，存在于细胞内的两种抗病毒蛋白被证明既可以检测病毒，提醒邻近细胞注意感染，又可以针对病毒进行破坏。这两个功能对病毒感染提供了重要的保护，本研究旨在从分子水平上了解这两个抗病毒功能是如何协调的。

We encounter millions of potential pathogens each day that must be detected and disarmed by the immune system. Recently, two antiviral proteins, present inside cells, were shown to both detect viruses, alerting neighbouring cells to the infection, and target the viruses for destruction. These two functions provide important protection against viral infection and this research aims to understand at a molecular level, how these dual antiviral functions are coordinated.