Chemomechanical dissoultion of bioactive glass

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Structural materials used in biomedical implants are rarely in a stress or strain free state; residual manufacturing stresses and in service stresses may exist. Interestingly, residual stress can have a direct impact on how biomedical devices perform, and because residual stress can affect the mechanical behavior of all materials, understanding the relationship between bioactivity and mechanical properties is paramount in further development of biomedical materials. We have found that residual stresses alter the dissolution behaviour of bioactive glasses which are used for bone regrowth and repair in dental and orthopedic surgery. We are in the process of developing a model to describe such a phenomenon and our proposed research will attempt to further understand the relationship between mechanical stress and dissolution behaviour (called the mechanochemical effect), but also investigate how the mechanical behaviour of the material is altered by reaction with the biological environment (called the chemomechanical effect). Our underlying goal is to assess the feasibility of processing biomedical materials through local adjustment of residual stresses before implantation in order to create gradients of bioactivity on implants to prevent against premature failure.