Abrupt climate change: the role of biogeochemical cycles

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The Earth's climate can be defined as a group of interacting systems including the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, cryosphere and geosphere. Interactions amongst these are very complex and highly non-linear but can be realistically studied and understood using numerical climate models. These provide essential tools in the study of past and future climates, and have led to the development of the UVic Earth System Climate Model (ESCM) of intermediate complexity. The UVic ESCM includes most of the important climate components while being computationally efficient, a feature that allows sensitivity analyses to be performed.