Regional gas hydrate assessment techniques and long-time monitoring studies

区域天然气水合物评价技术及长期监测研究

• 批准号: 342337-2007
• 负责人: Riedel, Michael
• 金额: $ 1.84万
• 依托单位: University of Victoria
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2010-01-01 至 2011-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=458783
• 关键词: Regional; gas; hydrate; assessment; techniques

Naturally-occurring, ice-like gas hydrates form when gases (mainly methane) combine with water at low temperature and high pressure. These conditions are found in the sediment section on deep sea continental slopes where the water depth is greater than about 600 m, including offshore Vancouver Island and in permafrost regions of the Canadian Arctic. Natural gas hydrates represent a very large global reservoir of natural gas. Globally they are estimated to contain more organic carbon than all other fossil fuel sources combined. Gas hydrate is important because of its potential as a large source of future clean energy, but also because of potential risks associated with these deposits. These include the potential for a significant impact on climate change (methane is a strong greenhouse gas) and its role in seafloor stability hazard. The Canadian west coast has large and well-mapped occurrences of marine hydrate in the large subduction zone accretionary sedimentary prism on the continental slope. Large gas hydrate deposits are also known to occur in the Canadian Arctic, especially in the Mckenzie Delta at the Mallik site (NWT).

当气体（主要是甲烷）与水在低温高压下结合时，自然形成的冰状天然气水合物就形成了。这些情况在水深大于约600米的深海大陆斜坡的沉积物剖面中发现，包括温哥华岛近海和加拿大北极的永久冻土区。天然气水合物代表着一个非常大的全球天然气储层。据估计，在全球范围内，它们所含的有机碳比所有其他化石燃料的总和还要多。天然气水合物之所以重要，是因为它有可能成为未来清洁能源的重要来源，但也因为与这些矿床相关的潜在风险。其中包括对气候变化的潜在重大影响（甲烷是一种强温室气体）及其在海底稳定性危害中的作用。加拿大西海岸在大陆斜坡上的大俯冲带增生沉积棱柱中有大量的海洋水合物赋存。在加拿大的北极地区也发现了大量的天然气水合物矿床，特别是在麦肯齐三角洲的马利克地区（NWT）。