Design and biomechanical analyses of radial head elbow implants

桡骨头肘部植入物的设计和生物力学分析

• 批准号: 355633-2008
• 负责人: King, Graham
• 金额: $ 1.38万
• 依托单位: University of Western Ontario
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2010-01-01 至 2011-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=459491
• 关键词: Design; biomechanical; analyses; radial; head

The radial head is one of three bones which form the elbow joint. The radial head allows for both bending and straightening of the elbow and rotation of the forearm. Fractures of the radial head are the most common elbow fractures seen in adults and frequently result in stiffness, pain and weakness. While most radial head fractures can be fixed, some are too fragmented to allow successful healing. Radial head replacement is employed in such cases, however, relative to the success of hip and knee replacements, the outcome of radial head implants has been less reliable. Current implants do not mimic the complex shape of the proximal radius; hence it is not surprising that there is a high incidence of failure of these devices. The objective of the current study is to accurately measure the shape of the proximal radius of a large number of normal elbows using computer imaging in an effort to develop an anatomic radial head implant system. We also plan to compare the performance of these anatomic implants with the native radial head in a bench-top cadaveric study. Furthermore we plan to use computer imaging to develop an exact replica of the native radial head using a reverse-engineering approach, to evaluate the feasibility and performance of custom manufactured radial head prostheses that precisely match that of patients. We are optimistic that this 'bench to bedside' approach will result in improved outcome for patients afflicted this common fracture.

桡骨头是形成手肘关节的三块骨头之一。桡骨头允许手肘的弯曲和伸直以及前臂的旋转。桡骨头骨折是成人最常见的肘关节骨折，经常导致僵硬、疼痛和虚弱。虽然大多数桡骨头骨折可以固定，但有些骨折过于破碎，无法成功愈合。在这种情况下采用桡骨头置换术，然而，相对于髋关节和膝关节置换术的成功，桡骨头植入物的结果不太可靠。目前的植入物不能模拟桡骨近端的复杂形状;因此，这些器械的失效率很高并不奇怪。本研究的目的是利用计算机成像技术精确测量大量正常肘关节的近端桡骨的形状，以开发一种解剖型桡骨头植入系统。我们还计划在实验室尸体研究中比较这些解剖型植入物与自体桡骨头的性能。此外，我们计划使用计算机成像，使用逆向工程方法开发一个精确的本地桡骨头复制品，以评估定制制造的桡骨头假体的可行性和性能，精确匹配患者。我们乐观地认为，这种“从工作台到床边”的方法将改善这种常见骨折患者的预后。