PWee50 oxygen equilibrium curve analyzer

这项拨款申请所要求的资金是支持购买PWee 50氧气平衡曲线分析仪（PWee 50分析仪），用于量化血液的氧气运输特性，后者代表了动物能够适应和/或适应不同环境挑战的最重要水平之一，这是共同申请人的共同研究主题。PWee 50分析仪的独特之处在于，它可以以全自动方式快速（1小时内）生成非常小体积（0.5微升）的全血或分离血红蛋白的完整氧平衡曲线。此外，与以前的分光光度系统（不再商业化）不同，该系统可以解释鱼血红蛋白的高pH敏感性，称为根效应。该系统是C. J. Brauner、A. P. Farrell、W.K. Milsom和J.G.理查兹。 C. J. Brauner将使用PWee 50分析仪进一步研究一种与Root效应相关的增强鱼类氧气输送的新机制，以及鱼类特殊CO2耐受性的生理基础。A. P. Farrell将使用PWee 50分析仪进一步了解鱼类在极热温度下的心肺功能以及鱼类心脏耐缺氧和缺氧的机制。W.K. Milsom依靠PWee 50分析仪，通过表征胚胎、新生儿和成年冬眠者和非冬眠者的血液，以及对高海拔和低海拔水禽的多物种比较，深入了解与冬眠和高海拔飞行有关的适应性。J.G.理查兹将进一步研究11种杜父鱼（一组小型潮间带鱼类）的耐缺氧机制和进化，这些杜父鱼分布在沿着近海岸海洋环境。PWee 50分析仪是唯一可以对少量血液进行拟议测量的商用系统，这是NSERC资助的拟议研究的先决条件。

The funding requested in this grant application is to support the purchase of a PWee50 oxygen equilibrium curve Analyser (PWee50 Analyser) for quantifying the oxygen transport characteristics of the blood, the latter of which represents one of the most important levels at which animals can adapt and/or acclimate to different environmental challenges, a common research theme of the co-applicants. The PWee50 Analyser is unique in that it can generate a complete oxygen equilibrium curve on whole blood or isolated haemoglobins on very small volumes (0.5 µl), rapidly (within 1h) in a fully automated fashion. Furthermore, unlike previous spectrophotometric systems (which are no longer commercially available), this system can account for the high pH sensitivity of fish Hbs known as the Root effect. This system is an essential core component of the NSERC Discovery Grant funded research programs of C.J. Brauner, A.P. Farrell, W.K. Milsom and J.G. Richards. C.J. Brauner will use the PWee50 Analyser to further investigate a novel mechanism for enhanced oxygen delivery in fishes associated with the Root effect and the physiological basis for exceptional CO2 tolerance in fish. A.P. Farrell will use the PWee50 Analyser to further understand the cardiorespiratory function of fish at extremely warm temperatures and the mechanisms for cardiac tolerance of hypoxia and anoxia among fishes. W.K. Milsom depends upon the PWee50 Analyser to gain insight into adaptations related to hibernation and high altitude flight by characterizing the blood of embryonic, neonatal and adult hibernators and non-hibernators and in a multi-species comparison of high and low altitude water-fowl. J.G. Richards will further investigate the mechanisms and evolution of hypoxia tolerance in 11 species of sculpin (a group of small intertidal fish), which are distributed along the near shore marine environment. The PWee50 Analyser is the only commercially available system that can conduct the proposed measurements on small volumes of blood which is a pre-requisite for this NSERC funded proposed research.