High-pressure, countercurrent, reverse osmosis membrane testing equipment

高压、逆流、反渗透膜检测设备

• 批准号: 407729-2011
• 负责人: Dechaine, Greg
• 金额: $ 1.97万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Research Tools and Instruments - Category 1 (<$150,000)
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2010-01-01 至 2011-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=472706
• 关键词: pressure; countercurrent; reverse; osmosis; membrane

Membrane separation, and in particular reverse osmosis, represents a low-energy alternative to distillation processes for separating chemical systems. Widespread application of reverse osmosis for chemical fractionation has not materialized because of degradation of conventional polymeric membranes by organic chemicals, and because of extreme osmotic back pressures across the membrane. The first problem can be overcome by using inorganic alumina membranes synthesized by a combination of anodic aluminum oxidation followed by atomic layer deposition to provide uniform, nanometre sized pores in addition to providing excellent stability against organic chemicals. In order to overcome the osmotic pressure limitations that develop during reverse osmosis, a countercurrent flow of a portion of the high concentration retentate (e.g. reflux) or an independent extractant (a process referred to as perstraction) will be used.

膜分离，特别是反渗透，代表了用于分离化学系统的蒸馏过程的低能量替代方案。反渗透用于化学分馏的广泛应用还没有实现，因为常规聚合物膜被有机化学品降解，并且因为穿过膜的极端渗透背压。第一个问题可以通过使用无机氧化铝膜来克服，该无机氧化铝膜是通过阳极铝氧化和原子层沉积相结合而合成的，除了提供对有机化学品的优异稳定性之外，还提供均匀的纳米尺寸孔。为了克服反渗透过程中产生的渗透压限制，将使用一部分高浓度渗余液（例如回流）或独立提取剂（称为渗透萃取的过程）的逆流。