Mixed micellar systems in continuous countercurrent extraction columns for biocatalytic reactive separations

本论文主要研究了表面活性剂在生物催化反应萃取中的应用。迄今为止，基于表面活性剂的双水相系统已用于从废水中提取和纯化金属离子、蛋白质、生物材料、有机化合物和有毒芳香族化合物等各种应用。通过连续转盘接触器成功地实现了第一次放大到连续多级装置。重要的是，在本申请人的小组中实现了在搅拌连续逆流萃取塔中应用水性表面活性剂两相体系。基于表面活性剂的双水相系统为对有机溶剂和高温敏感的生物分子提供了温和的条件。因此，它们用于原位产物去除以提高转化率的用途对于环境友好的生物催化和生物转化方法是特别令人感兴趣的。此外，有机溶剂的不存在为大多数生物催化剂创造了便利的环境。胶束体系中的生物催化反应已经在批实验中进行了研究。 然而，应用表面活性剂水溶液两相体系的连续反应过程迄今尚未研究。该项目的主要目标是证明柱中连续多级胶束萃取作为生物催化剂（酶反应）的反应分离过程的原理适用性。因此，应确定混合表面活性剂-添加剂体系的组成对连续萃取过程效率的关键影响。用混合表面活性剂体系提取分子和离子化溶质应特别关注生物催化剂对表面活性剂和提取条件的稳定性。

This proposal is focused on the application of surfactant based aqueous two-phase systems for the reactive extraction with biocatalyst. Up to now, surfactant based aqueous two-phase systems have been used in various applications such as extraction and purification of metal ions, proteins, biomaterials, organic compounds and toxic aromatics from wastewater. The first scale-up to continuous multistage units was successfully realized by means of a continuous rotating disc contactor. Importantly, the application of aqueous surfactant two-phase systems in a stirred continuous countercurrent extraction column was achieved in the group of the applicant. Surfactant based aqueous two-phase systems systems provide mild conditions for biomolecules which are sensitive to organic solvents and high temperatures. Thus, their use for an in-situ product removal to increase conversion is especially interesting for biocatalytic and biotransformation processes with regard to environmental friendliness. Furthermore, the absence of organic solvents creates a convenient environment for most biocatalysts. A biocatalytic reaction in micellar systems was already studied in batch experiments. However, a continuous reactive process applying aqueous surfactant two-phase systems was not investigated so far. The main goal of this project is to prove the principle applicability of continuous multistage micellar extraction in a column as a reactive separation process for biological catalysts (enzymatic reactions). Thereby the key influences of the composition of mixed surfactant-additive systems on the efficiency of the continuous extraction process should be identified. The extraction of both molecular and ionized solutes with mixed surfactant systems should be established with the special focus on the stability of the biocatalysts towards surfactants and extraction conditions.