Supplementing joint stiffness during human locomotion

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Previous research by the applicant on the energetics of vertical jumping, running and sprinting indicated that lower extremity joints such as the ankle, knee and hip often work like rotational springs. In fact, joints such as the ankle can be replaced entirely by passive mechanical springs and still result in highly successful performances in activities such as running and sprinting. For example, Oscar Pistorius holds the world record in the mens 100m sprint for double amputees at 10.91s! Thus, the concept of energy storage and return at these joints during various movements is highly relevant. However, the question remains whether or not supplementing the stiffness of currently intact and functional joints can influence performance. It may be possible to use elastic elements placed in apparel to aid the muscles in performing particular movements. In fact, some of our initial studies with elastic structures placed at the hip in athletic suits have resulted in better performance and have been used in the 2008 Beijing Olympics.