Optimizing artificial turf

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Artificial turf surfaces hold a distinct advantage over natural surfaces, as specific components of the surface can be manipulated to alter the mechanical properties (i.e. cushioning and traction) of the playing surface to desired levels. Research has shown that, by optimizing properties of the surface cushioning materials, increases in athletic performance can be achieved. However, this optimization of surface stiffness has not occurred within artificial turf surfaces. Also, research into traction has indicated that excessive rotational traction can lead to lower extremity injuries. However, it is currently unknown how individual components of artificial turf such as infill height, fibre length and fibre density influence rotational traction. The main objective of this research program is to understand and then optimize the mechanical properties of surface stiffness and surface traction of infilled artificial turf surfaces. For this project, the surface stiffness will be systematically changed by altering: 1) the underlying shock pad and ii) the infill material. Twenty athletes will perform four different movements on each surface (sprint, agility drill, vertical jump, endurance run) and performance will be measured to determine the stiffness that leads to optimal performance. Surface traction will be investigated through mechanical testing to determine the individual contribution that infill material and fibre characteristics have on rotational traction. Using all this information, a new surface optimized by 1) implementing the stiffness for optimal performance and 2) reducing rotational traction through infill and fibre alterations will be developed with the manufacturer. This optimized surface will undergo biomechanical and performance testing to quantify the influence of the newly developed surface on athlete movement patterns and surface playability. At the completion of the project FieldTurf will have an industry advantage through a detailed understanding of how surface stiffness alters athlete movement patterns and athletic performance as well as how different components of artificial turf affect traction. FieldTurf will be able to market their surface as having an optimal stiffness and traction for athletes.