Enhancing liberation of end-of-life products for materials recovery

促进报废产品的材料回收

• 批准号: 250421-2008
• 负责人: Tam, Edwin
• 金额: $ 1.31万
• 依托单位: University of Windsor
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2011-01-01 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=479612
• 关键词: Enhancing; liberation; end; life; products

Increasing regulatory, public, and eco-efficiency pressures are forcing industries to maximize the amount of materials that can be recovered and recycled from their products. One current example is the EU directive requiring 95% of all discarded automobiles to meet specific recyclable content criteria through to the year 2015. Such regulatory pressures, due to the global market of the automotive industry, also affect Canadian produced automobiles. Presently, about 75% of an automobile is recycled but the bulk of this are metals. Plastics, however, have proven problematic to isolate from one another and to recover efficiently on a mass scale from complex consumer products such as automobiles. To date, only a few commercial operations claim to successfully separate plastics from other plastics, and there can be significant impacts from the process itself. In the case of vehicle recovery, the challenge is to attain the additional 20% of recyclability through cost-effective, yet environmentally acceptable means: much of this 20% are plastics from discarded cars, disposed of as shredder residue (SR). This wastes re-usable materials and decreases landfill space. Furthermore, end-of-life recovery processes do not usually pretreat items to improve the efficiency of materials recovery and instead depend on extensive post-processing after shredding to isolate desired materials.

日益增加的监管、公共和生态效率压力迫使工业界最大限度地提高可从产品中回收和再循环的材料数量。目前的一个例子是欧盟指令，要求到2015年，95%的废弃汽车必须符合特定的可回收成分标准。由于汽车工业的全球市场，这种监管压力也影响到加拿大生产的汽车。目前，大约75%的汽车被回收，但其中大部分是金属。然而，塑料已被证明在彼此隔离以及从复杂的消费品（如汽车）中大规模有效回收方面存在问题。到目前为止，只有少数商业运营声称成功地将塑料从其他塑料中分离出来，并且该过程本身可能会产生重大影响。在车辆回收方面，挑战是通过具有成本效益但环境可接受的方式实现额外的20%的可回收性：这20%中的大部分是来自废弃汽车的塑料，作为粉碎机残留物（SR）处理。这浪费了可重复使用的材料，减少了垃圾填埋场的空间。此外，报废回收流程通常不对物项进行预处理以提高材料回收效率，而是依赖于在粉碎后进行广泛的后处理以分离所需材料。