Elucidation of rust life-cycle using molecular approaches

使用分子方法阐明铁锈的生命周期

• 批准号: 371902-2009
• 负责人: Hamelin, Richard
• 金额: $ 1.46万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2011-01-01 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=483782
• 关键词: Elucidation; rust; life; cycle; using

Rusts are among the most important pathogens of plants and occur worldwide on almost all plant groups. Pine trees are very susceptible to rust diseases which cause stem and branch cankers and tree mortality. White pine blister rust, caused by the fungal pathogen Cronartium ribicola, was introduced to North America over 100 years ago. The disease is so devastating that it has rendered soft pines unattractive for reforestation because mortality can reach 100% in plantations. Recently, the pathogen has moved to new geographic areas and to new hosts, including high elevation pines which appear to be extremely sensitive to the disease. The disappearance of these keystone species is dramatic and is impacting entire alpine ecosystems. Yet, much is unknown of the pine rust epidemiology and capacity for adaptation. Questions are still unanswered regarding source of inoculum, means of spread, the role of various spore types, and host specificity. I propose to address the following questions to better understand the epidemiology and adaptation of white pine blister rust. 1) I propose to investigate the molecular epidemiology of white pine blister rust on different hosts across a diverse landscape. In particular, I will test whether or not altitudinal and latitudinal gradients and host specialization are observed in the fungal population. 2) I want to determine the epidemiological contribution of interspecific C. ribicola x C. comandra (= C. x flexilis) rust hybrids. Although we demonstrated that these two rusts can hybridize, we still don't know what, if any, is the contribution of the hybrids to the rust epidemics. 3) I propose to scan the Cronartium ribicola genome for the signature of specific adaptation by using a population genomics approach. To test this, I plan to perform a broad genome scan on rust populations from different hosts to search for genes that are under selection with regards to host. This research will generate new data that will contribute to our understanding of the epidemiology and adaptation of this important tree pathogen. Answers to these questions will allow better monitoring and management of this important disease.

锈病是植物最重要的病原体之一，在世界范围内几乎所有植物类群上都有发生。松树对锈病非常敏感，锈病会导致树干和分支溃疡和树木死亡。白松疱锈病是由真菌病原体茶藨生柱锈菌（Cronartium ribicola）引起的，100多年前被引入北美。这种疾病是如此具有破坏性，它使软松没有吸引力的重新造林，因为死亡率可以达到100%的种植园。最近，病原体已经转移到新的地理区域和新的宿主，包括高海拔的松树，这些松树似乎对该疾病非常敏感。这些关键物种的消失是戏剧性的，正在影响整个高山生态系统。然而，松锈病的流行病学和适应能力仍是未知数。关于接种源、传播方式、各种孢子类型的作用和宿主特异性的问题仍然没有答案。我建议解决以下问题，以更好地了解白松疱锈病的流行病学和适应。1)我建议调查分子流行病学的白松疱锈病在不同的主机在不同的景观。特别是，我将测试是否海拔和纬度梯度和主机专业化观察真菌种群。2)我想确定种间C. Ribicola x C.长穗苔属C. x flexilis）锈病杂种。虽然我们证明了这两种锈菌可以杂交，但我们仍然不知道杂交种对锈菌流行的贡献是什么。3)我建议扫描Cronartium ribicola基因组的签名，通过使用人口基因组学方法的具体适应。为了验证这一点，我计划对来自不同宿主的锈菌种群进行广泛的基因组扫描，以寻找与宿主相关的基因。这项研究将产生新的数据，有助于我们了解这种重要的树木病原体的流行病学和适应性。这些问题的答案将有助于更好地监测和管理这一重要疾病。