Quantum resource theories

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Quantum theory has traditionally been considered to impose upon us additional limitations relative to what we would face in a world that was governed by a classical theory. However, there are now many examples of information-processing tasks for which protocols making use of quantum effects outperform their classical counterparts. These include cryptographic tasks such as secure key distribution and computational tasks such as finding the prime factors of a large number. There are also tasks in metrology such as building high precision clocks and gyroscopes and achieving better protocols for their synchronization and alignment, for which quantum technologies can offer advantages. As it turns out, we benefit rather than suffer from living in a quantum world.