Soil-structure interaction in performance based design of bridges

地震时桥梁的行为取决于上部结构的设计以及基础和桥台支座对桥梁的影响。这些效应称为土-结构相互作用效应。预测桥梁行为的最佳方法涉及非常复杂的分析，包括桥梁，地基土，基础和桥台。除了复杂之外，分析非常耗时，并且不鼓励研究桥梁在不同条件下的行为。因此，设计人员采用了简单的近似方法，包括基础和桥台对桥梁地震振动响应的影响。问题是，虽然这些方法有一些合理的基础，但它们从未通过与全尺寸分析结果进行比较来验证。

Bridge behaviour during an earthquake depends on the design of the superstructure and the effects of foundations and abutment embankments on the bridge. These effects are called soil-structure interaction effects. The best approach to predicting how the bridge will behave involves a very complicated analysis that includes bridge, foundation soils, foundations and abutments. As well as being complicated the analysis is very time-consuming and does not encourage studying the behavior of the bridge under different conditions. Therefore designers have adopted simple approximate ways of including the effects of foundations and abutments on the response of the bridge to earthquake shaking. The problem is that while these methods have some rational basis they have never been validated by comparing them with results from full scale analyses.