Social dilemmas in class-structured populations

阶级结构人群的社会困境

• 批准号: 355854-2008
• 负责人: Wild, Geoffrey
• 金额: $ 1.46万
• 依托单位: University of Western Ontario
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=497533
• 关键词: Social; dilemmas; class; structured; populations

Animals and plants routinely face dilemmas. An animal, for instance, might have to choose between remaining committed to its present source of food (a "sure thing" so to speak) and leaving the food source in search of a richer one (possibly a "gamble"). Likewise, a plant might have to "choose" between using the energy it receives from the sun to produce seeds and using that same energy to grow taller. Of course, each fork in the road has an effect on the evolutionary success of the imaginary animal or plant. In some cases -- actually some of the most interesting cases -- decisions to stay or leave (grow or reproduce) have ripple effects, simultaneously altering the evolutionary success of a number of individuals nearby. In biological terms, these dilemmas are said to have "social consequences" and so they are appropriately dubbed "social dilemmas."

动物和植物经常面临困境。例如，一只动物可能不得不在保持对现有食物来源的忠诚（可以说是一件“确定的事情”）和离开食物来源去寻找更丰富的食物（可能是一场“赌博”）之间做出选择。 同样，植物可能不得不在使用从太阳获得的能量来产生种子和使用相同的能量来长高之间进行“选择”。 当然，道路上的每一个岔路口都对想象中的动物或植物的进化成功产生影响。 在某些情况下--实际上是一些最有趣的情况--留下或离开（生长或繁殖）的决定会产生涟漪反应，同时改变附近一些个体的进化成功。 从生物学的角度来看，这些困境被认为具有“社会后果”，因此它们被恰当地称为“社会困境”。"